P191 - BIOSIG 2011 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group
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- KonferenzbeitragContinuous speaker verification in realtime(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Kunz, Max; Kasper, Klaus; Reininger, Herbert; Möbius, Manuel; Ohms, JonathanBiometric speaker verification deals with the recognition of voice and speech features to reliably identify a user and to offer him a comfortable alternative to knowledge-based authentication methods like passwords. As more and more personal data is saved on smartphones and other mobile devices, their security is in the focus of recent applications. Continuous Speaker Verification during smartphone phone calls offers a convenient way to improve the protection of these sensitive data. This paper describes an approach to realize a system for continuous speaker verification during an ongoing phone call. The aim of this research was to investigate the feasibility of such a system by creating a prototype. This prototype shows how it is possible to use existing technologies for speaker verification and speech recognition to compute segments of a continuous audio signal in real-time. In line with experiments, a simulation study was made in which 14 subjects first trained the system with a freely spoken text and then verified themselves afterwards. Ad- ditional intruder tests against all other profiles where also simulated.
- KonferenzbeitragThe glass maze: hiding keys in spin glasses(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Trugenberger, Carlo A.Key-binding mechanisms allow to use one's biometric features as a universal digital key without having them ever stored anywhere. Security, ease of use and privacy concerns are addressed in one stroke. The best known proposal for such a mechanism, the Fingerprint Vault, treats biometric data as projections of a polynomial encoding the key. Its security is based on the difficulty of polynomial reconstruction. Here I propose a new key-binding mechanism based on associative pattern recall and making use of a totally different security principle, that of the difficulty of energy optimization of spin glasses. The idea is to exploit the mixed ferromagnetic and spin glass phase of the Hopfield neural network to encode the key as a local minimum configuration of the energy functional, ”lost” amidst the exponentially growing number of valleys and minima representing the spin glass. The correct fingerprint will be able to retrieve the key by dynamical evolution to the nearest attractor. Other fingerprints will be driven far away from the key. Known vulnerabilities of the Fingerprint Vault are eliminated by this new security principle.
- KonferenzbeitragSecure mobile payment thanks to a very safe, comfortable, and fake-resistant biometric authentication(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Blessing, WernerThis unique solution will ensure that only the authorized person has access to the respective mobile applications, unauthorized access will be denied. It is very safe and very easy to use.
- KonferenzbeitragGait recognition for children over a longer period(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Derawi, Mohammad Omar; Balisane, Hewa; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, PeterIn this paper a comparative investigation into the effects of time on gait recognition in children's walking has been carried out. Gait recognition has attracted considerable interest recently; however very little work has been reported in the literature which is related to gait recognition in children. It has been suggested ([Kyr02])that the gait of children does not stabilize before they are 11 years old. In this papers we will provide arguments that support this suggestion. When looking at the performance of gait recognition, which serves as an indicator for the stability of gait, we found a relationship between performance improvement and aging of children. The gait of a group of children was measured twice with a 6 months period between the two measurements. Our analysis showed that the similarity between these two measurements is significantly lower than the similarity within each of the measurements. Finally we also report the effect of gender on performance of gait recognition.
- KonferenzbeitragClassification of acceleration data for biometric gait recognition on mobile devices(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Nickel, Claudia; Brandt, Holger; Busch, ChristophUbiquitous mobile devices like smartphones and tablets are often not secured against unauthorized access as the users tend to not use passwords because of convenience reasons. Therefore, this study proposes an alternative user authentication method for mobile devices based on gait biometrics. The gait characteristics are captured using the built-in accelerometer of a smartphone. Various features are extracted from the measured accelerations and utilized to train a support vector machine (SVM). Among the extracted features are the Meland Bark-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC, BFCC) which are commonly used in speech and speaker recognition and have not been used for gait recognition previously. The proposed approach showed competitive recognition performance, yielding 5.9% FMR at 6.3% FNMR in a mixedday scenario.
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- KonferenzbeitragTransformative biometrics and the exercise of arbitrary power(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Lodge, JulietThis paper argues that biometrics have been re-framed in ways that decouple them from the discourse of balancing liberty and security with profound implications for the exercise of democratically legitimated power at a time when the transformative impact of ICTs on governance and society is obscured by the pace of change and accelerating mobile forensic applications and policy intent. It questions the framing of biometrics and the adequacy of law to combat the negative impact on society in the absence of EU governance and an independent EU certified quality standards agency for biometrics and associated training.
- KonferenzbeitragFace on the fly: how to track faces(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Herold, Catherine; Gentric, Stéphane; Moënne-Loccoz, Nicolas
- Konferenzbeitrag3D capturing of fingerprints – on the way to a contactless certified sensor(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Koller, Dieter; Walchshäusl, Leonard; Eggers, Georg; Neudel, Frank; Kursawe, Ulrich; Kühmstedt, Peter; Heinze, Matthias; Ramm, Roland; Bräuer-Burchard, Christian; Notni, Gunther; Kafka, Ricarda; Neubert, Ralf; Seibert, Helmut; Castro-Neves, Margarida; Nouak, AlexanderThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development and performance tests of a contact-free fingerprint sensor, TrueFinger3D (TF3D). This contactless fingerprint sensor is designed to be perfectly interoperable with fingerprint image data captured with contact-based sensors or ink pads. This is achieved by acquiring a 3D dataset of the fingertip together with the image of the papillary lines. Based on the 3D data, the papillary lines image can be processed to compensate perspective foreshortening or even emulate deformation effects caused with contact-based sensors. The 3D measurement mechanism and the image processing are described in detail. The resulting fingerprint images taken by the contactless sensor are then matched with images taken by regular contact-based fingerprint readers at different force levels. The comparison shows that the geometric distortion of our contactless sensor TF3D is comparable to that of contact-based sensors deployed under regular conditions. Our test also shows that contact-based sensors operated under irregular or strong force conditions suffer from a substantial performance degradation, not seen with the contactless sensor TF3D, which has perfect reproducibility. The results also indicate perfect interoperability of the TF3D with any contact-based data and should therefore entitle the sensor to a certification for governmental use.
- KonferenzbeitragA new biometric identification model and the multiple hypothesis testing for arbitrarily varying objects(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Harutyunyan, Ashot; Grigoryan, Naira; Voloshynovskiy, Svyatoslav; Koval, OleksiyWe introduce a new interpretation for the biometric enrollment and identification paradigms and show how the problem of multiple hypothesis testing (HT) for arbitrarily varying sources (AVS) in a special case relates to it. The traditional studies on biometric systems from communication perspectives assume the noisy channel model. If suppose that the process of the biometric data enrollment for a person can be performed several times and at each time both the person and the detector have some arbitrary “state”, then those observations characterized according to their empirical distributions can be treated as family distributions of an AVS. It means that M persons enrollment indicate M different AVS's. Then the problem of biometric identification based on a new observation turns to be a detection of true AVS with an additional option of rejecting the existing M hypotheses. In this context, the biometric identification over noisy channels converts to one in an arbitrarily varying stochastic environment. We consider the problem within a fundamental framework of HT and information theory. The asymptotic tradeoffs among error probability exponents associated with false acceptance of rejection decision and false rejection of true distribution family are investigated and the optimal decision strategies are outlined. It is proved that for an optimal discrimination of M hypothetical distribution families/persons the ideal detector permits always lower error than in deciding in favor of the rejection.