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Using air pollution health risk assessment for future land use planning in Korba, India
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Text/Conference Paper
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Datum
2011
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Shaker Verlag
Zusammenfassung
Health effects of air pollution are investigated to provide an impetus for implementation of air pollution mitigation strategies and policies and estimation of benefits for the same. The present paper demonstrates the use of human health data as a guide for urban land use planning at the Korba planning area located in the state of Chhattisgarh in India. Korba is identified as the fifth most polluting city in India based on the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India. The major contributors to the high levels of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and respiratory suspended particulate matter (RSPM) in the city are the thermal power plants, abandoned and operating fly ash dykes/bunds and the three open-cast coal mines at Gevra, Kusmunda and Dipka. A detail cross-sectional household survey was conducted in the Korba planning area (KPA) on incidence of diseases commonly linked with air pollution as an alternative to measuring the ambient air quality at multiple locations and to understand the severity of the problem at the same time. Analyzing the data spatially (ward wise) showed that the air pollution related disease morbidity rate for certain wards were found to be much higher than the national average. These wards were then checked for their proximity to the different thermal power plants, ash dykes etc. and their location in conjunction with the prevailing wind direction. The results of this analysis indicated the severity of the problems of air pollution (measured by incidence of different air pollution related diseases) at different distances and directions from the existing identified contributors of air pollution. This was finally used to formulate strategies for air pollution reduction and spatial planning of future land use and residential area allocation at the Korba planning area.