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Utilization of Mathematical Modeling for Self-purification of Tajan River and Its Impact on Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Province, North of I.R. Iran)
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Datum
2005
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Masaryk University Brno
Zusammenfassung
The Caspian Sea is the largest (in surface area) land locked body of water in the world. The Caspian Sea is a rich source of natural resources and raw materials hosting a unique variety of living species and a developed natural examine system. The area of the Caspian Sea is 386400 km2. Five countries share the 7000 km coastline of the Caspian Sea. Water quality monitoring programs are undertaken to provide information to answer question relating to the management of water bodies and their catchments. They may be a single exercise to examine a particular issue or they may be on going monitoring programs to ensure that acceptable water quality is maintained. Self purification processes must be considered in the management of aquatic systems, particularly in the context of different standards, on water quality, which emphasizes the conservation or restoration of good ecological quality. Tajan River has a Shahid Rajaee Dam, which is located about 25 km south of Sari the Capital City of Mazandaran province. The minimum discharge regulated by the authorities of Dam in Tajan River as reported is 5 m3/sec. The effluent from Sari treatment plant after three years will be around 0.17 m3/sec. and after 20 years will be around 1.03 m3/sec. The dilution of treated wastewater in Tajan River after 23 years will be 1:5. This amount of Wastewater entering Tajan River will give an additional flow to the farmers to use for agricultural purposes or discharge to the Caspian Sea. Annual maximum and minimum rainfalls in Sari in ten (10) years from 1989 to 1999 are 1004 mm and 456 mm respectively. To design and implement monitoring programs for Tajan River water factors such as frequency of sampling, analytical methods site selection and criteria for water use area, was defined, accordingly. Monitoring station was selected as upstream of the River, Inside Sari City and downstream close to Caspian Sea (Delta). Samples were collected in 500-ml Sterilized bottles on a monthly basis for physical, chemical and microbiological analysis. Sampling and analyses were carried out in accordance with the Standard methods. The Results of water quality at different sampling location shows moderate range of 7.6 to 8.2 pH. Total dissolved Solids (TDS) were in the range of 350 mg/l to1100 mg/l hence at Delta up to 10800 mg/l. Maximum Value for BOD and COD were 18 mg/l and 53 mg/l maximum value of Nitrates is 2.6 mg/l the results show that the river quality is in moderate range. Based on collected data from different water quality monitoring stations, mathematical model used to assess the efficacy of self purification of Tajan River. The trend of results shows the river is in moderate condition.