Auflistung Tagungsband MuC 2021 nach Erscheinungsdatum
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- KonferenzbeitragTracing Covid-19 -- Older Adults' Attitudes Toward Digital Contact Tracing and How to Increase Their Participation(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Wagner, Philipp; Winkler, Anna; Paraschivoiu, Irina; Meschtscherjakov, Alexander; Gärtner, Magdalena; Tscheligi, ManfredThe COVID-19 pandemic poses major challenges for health care systems. Contact tracing apps are being used around the world to help track and break the chain of infection. We conducted a qualitative study with eight older adults (65+) to find out how their lives have been affected by the pandemic. One of the topics covered was the “Stopp Corona” app, a contact tracing app by the national Red Cross and participants’ attitude towards it. Despite the fact that most participants did not use the app, they expressed little concerns about the misuse of data as they have high trust in the Red Cross and the national government. Highlighting the societal benefit of contact tracing seems to be a major factor for uptake. Based on our results in comparison with recent studies on digital contact tracing, we suggest four recommendations that may support adoption of contact tracing apps by older adults.
- KonferenzbeitragCognitive Load during First Contact with Mixed Reality Learning Environments(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Kockord, René; Bodensiek, OliverMixed Reality (MR) is a growing field in educational settings with increasing importance. Nevertheless, little research has been done so far on howto design a user friendly first contact with this technology. Therefore, this study investigates the challenges and problems that arise when using MR with little to no experience and focuses on the cognitive load of the participants. For this purpose, three tasks are first performed in the natural environment using physical dice, which are then performed by the same participants in MR with virtual dice. Questionnaires are used to assess cognitive load. The problems and challenges are addressed with semi-structured interviews. As a result, a significant increase in cognitive load is observed from the first run (non-MR) to the second run (MR), which is underpinned by the number of challenges encountered. Therefore, further research of the reasons for the increase in cognitive load is needed in order to counteract it with an appropriate design of Mixed Reality Learning Environments.
- KonferenzbeitragOnline Focus Groups with and for the Elderly: Specifics, Challenges, Recommendations(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Rietze, Jessica; Bürkner, Isabell; Pfister, Anne; Blum, Rainer; Pfister, AnneTechnik kann ein selbstbestimmtes Leben in einer alternden Gesellschaft unterstützen. Zur Entwicklung sogenannter Ambient Assisted Living-Systeme (AAL) bedarf es eines nutzerzentrierten Design-Prozesses, um die benötigten Funktionalitäten passgenau bereitzustellen und zugleich die Nutzer nicht durch unnötige oder unverständliche Interaktionen zu überfordern. Fokusgruppen sind eine geeignete Methode zur qualitativen Befragung einer Zielgruppe. Sie pandemiebedingt online durchzuführen erfordert Anpassungen und spezielle Vorbereitungen. Dieser Beitrag expliziert die erzielten Erkenntnisse zur Durchführung einer Online- Fokusgruppe mit Senior*innen. Er bietet Empfehlungen zur Auswahl der Teilnehmenden, zur Vorbereitung sowie zu den einzusetzenden Techniken für Online-Fokusgruppen mit eher technik-unerfahrenen Teilnehmenden.
- KonferenzbeitragCan you help me? Testing HMI designs and psychological influences on intended helping behavior towards autonomous cargo bikes(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Kopka, Marvin; Krause, KarenAutonomous (cargo-)bikes offer many use cases, especially in urban areas. One challenge they have to face is their dependence on human assistance. This study examines the influence of light color, flashing rhythm, voices, a person’s kindness and technological experience on helping behavior towards an autonomous cargo bike. An experiment with 233 participants was conducted.We found that technological experience and kindness had a positive influence on helping behavior, while light color, flashing rhythm and voice type did not have any influence. Our results imply that helping behavior towards an autonomous bicycle varies individually. However, an electronically generated voice should be used to make the vehicle appear autonomous, emphasize the absence of a human being and give clear instructions to promote helping behavior.
- KonferenzbeitragDeep Learning meets Private Talk: Conversational AI can Predict Speaker Traits by Eavesdropping for only 30 Seconds(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Liesenfeld, Andreas; Parti, Gábor; Huang, Chu-renConversational AI such as smart speakers placed in home environments can accidentally activate and record people’s talk for a short time. What can such devices learn about people by listening in on ongoing conversations? Taking two commonly used speaker traits as an example, we present the results of an experiment that simulates Conversational AI eavesdropping on ongoing talk using transcriptions of naturalistic conversations in private settings. We show that a currently popular type of deep learning-based system can reliably predict if a speaker is “young”, “old”, “female” or “male” (age=99%, gender=82%) based on what they say in around 30 seconds. Our results exemplify howpowerful current big data language models are when it comes to data-driven predictions of personal information based on how people talk, even when listening only for a short time. We conclude the experiment with a critical comment on the increasingly pervasive use of such user modeling technology to compute speaker traits, touching upon some potential ethical concerns, bias, and privacy issues.
- KonferenzbeitragAnalysis of Significant Factors Influencing the Technology Acceptance of Smartglasses in the Craft Sector(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Bröning, Lukas; Herpers, MartineSmartglasses mit Augmented Reality Technologie erfreuen sich immer größerer Beliebtheit in der Arbeitswelt und finden zunehmend Verwendung als Arbeitsassistenzsysteme. In Deutschland sind die Geräte im Handwerk, insbesondere in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU), noch nicht weit verbreitet, obwohl sie zentralen Herausforderungen wie Fachkräftemangel und kürzer werdenden Innovations- und Produktionszyklen entgegenwirken können. Um die Wahrnehmung von Smartglasses im Handwerk zu beleuchten, wird eine erste quantitative Analyse durchgeführt. Hierzu wird ein kontextspezifisches Forschungsmodell für die Sanitär-, Heizungsund Klimatechnik-(SHK-)Branche entwickelt, das die Akzeptanzfaktoren Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Compatibility, Perceived Risks und Perceived Substitutability umfasst. Auf Basis einer Online-Umfrage (N = 38) wird das entwickelte Modell evaluiert und eine deskriptive Analyse sowie Korrelationsanalyse zur Auswertung der Umfragedaten vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nutzung von Smartglasses überwiegend Zustimmung durch die Beschäftigten erfährt und die Technik als nützlich, einfach bedienbar, risikofrei und mit der eigenen Arbeitsweise vereinbar wahrgenommen wird.
- KonferenzbeitragComparison Between Video-mediated and Asymmetric 3D Teleconsultation During a Preclinical Scenario(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Strak, Robin; Yu, Kevin; Pankratz, Frieder; Lazarovici, Marc; Sandmeyer, Benedikt; Reichling, Julia; Weidert, Simon; Kraetsch, Clemens; Roegele, Barbara; Navab, Nassir; Eck, Ulrich; Roth, DanielCurrent teleconsultation solutions for preclinical emergencies can transmit knowledge from a remote expert to a local paramedic using audio and 2D video channels. Such technology lacks precision and efficiency for medical diagnostic tasks, and visual feedback is often missing between participants. We investigate a mixed reality 3D teleconsultation solution for preclinical use, which provides a 3D reconstruction of the local scene to a remote expert, displayed in Virtual Reality. A remote expert can join the local scene virtually as an Augmented Reality avatar. The remote expert can annotate the local scene and guide the local paramedics through the procedure. We explored our system in a user study within a preclinical scenario on a collaborative task of attaching chest lead electrodes of a 12 channel electrocardiogram on a mannequin. We compared the 3D teleconsultation system to a 2D video-mediated teleconsultation via a top-mounted camera and report results from the consultee side in AR. Based on our empirical user study with 10 paramedics with an average of 17 years experience, we observe an improvement in the electrode placement quality using the 3D teleconsultation system. Results indicate no significant difference in the cognitive task-load between conditions. Participants perceived the video-mediated consultation as more usable due to their unfamiliarity with the 3D teleconsultation system. However, participants acknowledge the potential of 3D teleconsultation and believe such a system can significantly improve the preclinical treatment.
- Konferenzbeitrag"It's okay, honey… shhh…" - The Media Equation and Computers-Are-Social-Actors-Hypothesis in Acute Care(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Hohm, Anna; Happel, Oliver; Hurtienne, Jörn; Grundgeiger, TobiasTechnik ist in der Akutmedizin unverzichtbar und wird vor allem als Werkzeug gesehen. Die Forschung zur Media Equation zeigt jedoch, dass Menschen auch sozial und natürlich auf Maschinen reagieren, so als wären es andere Menschen. Wir zeigen anhand qualitativer Daten aus teilnehmenden Beobachtungen (130 Stunden) und retrospektiven Interviews (N = 9), dass Technik in der Akutmedizin ebenfalls Reaktionen auslöst, wie man sie üblicherweise gegenüber Mitmenschen zeigt. Dabei adressieren wir vier Aspekte der Media Equation Forschung: Negativität, Quellenorientierung, Spezialisierung und die Computers-Are-Social-Actors- Hypothese. Abschließend ziehen wir Schlussfolgerungen für qualitative Datenerhebungen, Design und Evaluation von Technik in der Akutmedizin, und diskutieren, wie die Zusammenarbeit von Mensch und Maschine im Team unterstützt werden kann.
- KonferenzbeitragIDIAR: Augmented Reality Dashboards to Supervise Mobile Intervention Studies(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Vock, Katja; Hubenschmid, Sebastian; Zagermann, Johannes; Butscher, Simon; Reiterer, HaraldMobile intervention studies employ mobile devices to observe participants’ behavior change over several weeks. Researchers regularly monitor high-dimensional data streams to ensure data quality and prevent data loss (e.g., missing engagement or malfunctions). The multitude of problem sources hampers possible automated detection of such irregularities – providing a use case for interactive dashboards. With the advent of untethered head-mounted AR devices, these dashboards can be placed anywhere in the user’s physical environment, leveraging the available space and allowing for flexible information arrangement and natural navigation. In this work, we present the user-centered design and the evaluation of IDIAR: I nteractive Dashboards in AR, combining a headmounted display with the familiar interaction of a smartphone. A user study with 15 domain experts for mobile intervention studies shows that participants appreciated the multimodal interaction approach. Based on our findings, we provide implications for research and design of interactive dashboards in AR.
- KonferenzbeitragThe Influence of Spatial Representation on Remote Peer Consultation: A Study on Mixed Reality Remote Support for Choosing Furniture(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Tagungsband, 2021) Kahrl, Nicolas; Prilla, Michael; Blunk, OliverThis paper presents a study in which we investigated the use of different devices and mechanisms to implement Mixed Reality settings for peer recommendations on furniture. In particular, we developed a mechanism to scan rooms for new furniture to be placed in, make the resulting 3D environment available to users and display virtual furniture in it. In an exploratory study, we asked 21 participants to use this environment to support an imaginary friend in their buying decision on a couch for their living room. This was done in five conditions, including a static photo of the living room, 3D representations on mobile phones and PC screens as well as mobile (cardboard-based) VR and a dedicated VR HMD. In the study, we wanted to explore how display size, 3D experience and the fidelity of HMDs affect the quality of support for recommendations by the remote peers. Our results show that the screen-based and VR-based 3D mechanisms outperform a simple photo and that VR HMDs created highest perceptions of spatial presence and were preferred by users. Surprisingly, users perceived all mechanisms showing the 3D environment to create similar qualities of support for their recommendations. We analyze these findings and derive design recommendations from them.