P212 - BIOSIG 2013 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group
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- KonferenzbeitragVideo-based fingerphoto recognition with anti-spoofing techniques with smartphone cameras(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Stein, Chris; Bouatou, Vincent; Busch, ChristophThis work is concerned with the acquisition of fingerprints samples on smartphones with the built-in smartphone camera. A novel approach to capture multiple fingerphotos in a videostream with a smartphone camera and the processing of the photos for the finger recognition is discussed in this paper. The proposed technique offers a convenient and efficient way to capture multiple samples of a biometric instance in a short time frame. Due the fact that fingerphotos can be easily replicated with low effort (e.g. print outs with an ordinary printer) and thus are vulnerable to presentation attacks, anti-spoofing algorithms were developed to detect such spoof attempts. The algorithms for the detection and segmentation of the finger as well the preprocessing of the photo with graphical operations and anti-spoofing were implemented in a prototype as application for the Android operating system. User tests are performed to evaluate the usability and to create a database of biometric samples for offline evaluation of the recognition performance. Further tests are done with diverse artefacts such as printed finger images, fake fingers of gelatin, gummy and silicon as well finger replay videos to measure the resistance of the developed solution against presentation attacks.
- KonferenzbeitragSimulated annealing attack on certain fingerprint authentication systems(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Pashalidis, AndreasThis paper describes a simple and generic attack against minutiae-based fingerprint authentication systems. The aim of the attack is to construct a fingerprint minutiae template, compliant to ISO/IEC standards, that matches a fixed but unknown target fingerprint. Our attack is expected to be most effective against systems that employ vicinity-based matching algorithms, i.e. systems that divide fingerprints into multiple regions and then compute similarity over these regions. The effectiveness of our attack is experimentally demonstrated against the recently proposed `Protected Minutiae Cylinder Code' (PMCC) scheme.
- KonferenzbeitragAbsolute fingerprint pre-alignment in minutiae-based cryptosystems(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Tams, BenjaminMost biometric cryptosystems that have been proposed to protect fingerprint minutiae make use of public alignment helper data. This, however, has the inadvertent effect of information leakage about the protected templates. A countermeasure to avoid auxiliary alignment data is to protect absolutely pre-aligned fingerprints. As a proof of concept, we run performance evaluations of a minutiae fuzzy vault with an automatic method for absolute pre-alignment. Therefore, we propose a new method for estimating a fingerprint's directed reference point by modeling the local orientation around the core as a tented arch.1
- KonferenzbeitragAssignment of the evidential value of a fingermark general pattern using a Bayesian network(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Haraksim, Rudolf; Meuwly, Didier; Doekhie, Gina; Vergeer, Peter; Sjerps, MarjanWhen visible on a fingermark, the general pattern maintains its importance in the fingerprint examination procedure, since the difference between the general pattern of a fingermark and a fingerprint is sufficient for exclusion. In the current work, the importance of the general pattern is extended by evaluating the strength of evidence of a match given corresponding general pattern. In current practice (due to the lack of statistical support for the general pattern evidence) the fingerprint examiners assign personal probabilities to the general pattern evidence based on their knowledge and experience, while in this work the probabilities are calculated using a Bayesian Network which is fed by empirical data.
- KonferenzbeitragQuality driven iris recognition improvement(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Cremer, Sandra; Lemperiere, Nadege; Dorizzi, Bernadette; Garcia-Salicetti, SoniaThe purpose of the work presented in this paper is to adapt the feature extraction and matching steps of iris recognition to the quality of the input images. To this end we define a GMM-based global quality metric associated to a pair of normalized iris images. It quantifies the amount of artifact in these images as well as the amount of texture in artifact-free regions. First we use this metric to adjust, for each pair of irises, the proportion of the normalized image selected on a local quality criteria for feature extraction. This approach is tested with two matching techniques: one performs a bit to bit comparison of binary feature vectors and the other one computes local cross-correlations between real valued vectors. We show that our approach is effective with both techniques. Then we use our metric to choose the matching technique that is best adapted to each image pair in order to make a good compromise between accuracy and speed.
- KonferenzbeitragVolumetric fingerprint data analysis using optical coherence tomography(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Sousedik, Ctirad; Breithaupt, Ralph; Busch, ChristophThe increasing usage of fingerprint biometrics as a security technology requires the biometric systems to be resistant against moderate or even high attack potential. To date, state-of-the-art fingerprint sensors can be deceived by using an accurate imitation of the ridge/valley pattern of an enrolled fingerprint that can be produced utilizing low-cost, commonly available materials and techniques. The structure of high-resolution 3D volumetric scans of fingertips, acquired by using the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), has been analyzed by this work so that a Presentation Attack Detection method could be developed that would render the artefact production process extremely difficult or even practically impossible.
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- KonferenzbeitragAn efficient 3D facial landmark detection algorithm with Haar-like features and anthropometric constraints(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Böckeler, Martin; Zhou, XuebingIn the last few years 3D face recognition has become more and more popular due to reducing cost of scanners and increasing computational power. The crucial and time-consuming step is landmark localization and normalization of facial surface. Due to acquisition, noise and other artifacts like spikes and holes occur. Most systems require computational intensive preprocessing steps to eliminate these artifacts. As a consequence, a trade-off between runtime or detection accuracy must be made. In contrast, we propose a landmark detection algorithm which uses the Viola & Jones classifier on gradient images. The algorithm is able to reliably detect landmarks in raw 3D data without complicated preprocessing. Additionally, selection of sub regions is exploited to limit search regions. It further reduces false detection rate and improves significantly detection accuracy.
- KonferenzbeitragAutomatic landmark detection and face recognition for side-view face images(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Santemiz, Pinar; Spreeuwers, Luuk J.; Veldhuis, Raymond N. J.In real-life scenarios where pose variation is up to side-view positions, face recognition becomes a challenging task. In this paper we propose an automatic sideview face recognition system designed for home-safety applications. Our goal is to recognize people as they pass through doors in order to determine their location in the house. Here, we introduce a recognition method, where we detect facial landmarks automatically for registration and identify faces. We test our system on side-view face images from CMU-Multi PIE database. We achieve 95 95% accuracy on detecting . landmarks, and 89 04% accuracy on identification. .
- KonferenzbeitragVerification of individuals from accelerometer measures of cardiac chest movements(BIOSIG 2013, 2013) Vural, Esra; Simske, Steven; Schuckers, StephanieBiometric verification is gaining popularity particularly for personal security during internet and mobile device usage. A novel approach for verification of individuals is proposed to measure mechanical cardiovascular activity through an accelerometer sensor placed on the surface of the chest above the sternum. Time frequency analysis methods are employed to evaluate biometric performance. Accelerometer measurements were acquired on two different sessions from ten subjects after delays ranging from 1 to 2 weeks. For individual subject verification, Gaussian mixture models were built per each individual and a background model was created for the remaining impostors. A likelihood ratio test with background model was employed for testing. In this study we found preliminary evidence for the use of the cardiovascular signal measured with an accelerometer placed on the sternum as a biometric sensor to verify individuals. Verification testing using this approach obtained a mean EER rate of 0.06 for inter-session testing.