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Auflistung nach Autor:in "Diaz, Laura"

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  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Integrating Volunteered Human Sensor Data into Crowd-sourced Platforms: A Use Case on Noise Pollution Monitoring and OpenStreetMap
    (Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Foerster, Theodor; Diaz, Laura; Bröring, Arne
    Local and national governments deploy environmental monitoring to improve decision making for sustainable development. Especially the monitoring and management of pollution such as noise is of local, national and European relevance, as expressed by the European Noise Directive (END) (European Parliament, 2002). The European Environment Agency (EEA) asks all its member and collaborating countries for information required by the END. However, it is expensive to deploy and maintain a network of sensors or to periodically measure the city with a moving sensor network. Hence, most of the reported data is based on computed models and only some data is captured by reference sensors deployed in the field. According to the END, the reported data is available as strategic noise maps. So far, these noise maps remain still in silos although they are managed in a Geographic Information Infrastructure (Murphy & King, 2010). Concurrently, crowd-sourced information is collected by citizens for environmental monitoring and specific platforms such as for collecting crowd-sourced noise measures become massively populated (Goodchild, 2007). However, this environmental information is rarely accessible to the public such as in the case of eye on earth1, due to a lack of applicable interfaces. This paper describes an approach to publish the captured crowd-sourced environmental information such as noise data to a more popular and open platform for increasing visibility and improving information access. In particular, this approach integrates the world-wide network of human sensors into an existing VGI platform such as Open Street Map. Using this platform allows users to directly integrate static data (captured roads) and dynamic data (e.g. noise).
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    The Multi-Disciplinary Interoperability Challenge
    (Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Craglia, Massimo; Nativi, Stefano; Diaz, Laura; Vaccari, Lorenzino
    The implementation of the INSPIRE Directive in Europe and similar efforts around the globe to develop spatial data infrastructures and global systems of systems have been focusing largely on the adoption of agreed technologies, standards, and specifications to meet the (systems) interoperability challenge. Addressing the key scientific challenges of humanity in the 21st century requires however a much increased multi-disciplinary effort, which in turn makes more complex demands on the type of systems and arrangements needed to support it. This paper analyses the challenges for multi-disciplinary interoperability using the experience of the EuroGEOSS research project (www.eurogeoss.eu). It argues that multi-disciplinarity requires mutual understanding of requirements, methods, theoretical underpinning and tacit knowledge. For this purpose it is necessary to move from a focus on data discovery and access, to one that puts emphasis on the way in which different disciplines frame a problem and use data and analytical models and processes to find one or more possible solutions. In other words, we need to elicit and document analytical models, and make reference to their theoretical bases, so that researchers from different disciplines can have a bridge to understand and collaborate meaningfully across the disciplinary divide.