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Auflistung nach Autor:in "Gschwind, Benoit"

1 - 8 von 8
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    A Proposal for a Thesaurus for Web Services in Solar Radiation
    (Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Gschwind, Benoit; Menard, Lionel; Ranchin, Thierry; Wald, Lucien; Stackhouse, Paul
    Metadata are necessary to discover, describe and exchange any type of information, resource and service at a large scale. A significant amount of effort has been made in the field of geography and environment to establish standards. Efforts still remain to address more specific domains such as renewable energies. This communication focuses on solar energy and more specifically on aspects in solar radiation that relate to geography and meteorology. A thesaurus in solar radiation is proposed for the keys elements in solar radiation namely time, space and radiation types. The importance of time-series in solar radiation is outlined and attributes of the key elements are discussed. An XML schema for encoding metadata is proposed. The exploitation of such a schema in web services is discussed. This proposal is a first attempt at establishing a thesaurus for describing data and applications in solar radiation.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    An OGC Web Processing Service for assessing the quality of solar radiation measurements
    (Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) Espinar, Bella; Gschwind, Benoit; Wald, Lucien; Thomas, Claire
    A service is presented that assesses the quality of measurements of daily global irradiation or means of global irradiance acquired by a ground station. Measurements are checked against models resulting in a measure of plausibility. This on-line service obeys the WPS (Web Processing Service) standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium. It is free of use and can be integrated into routine operations and Web portals thanks due its interoperability capability.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Early achievements towards an automatic assessment of the uncertainty in solar irradiation using web services
    (Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Wald, Lucien; Blanc, Philippe; Espinar, Bella; Gschwind, Benoit; Lefevre, Mireille; Menard, Lionel; Wald, Fabien; Hoyer-Klick, Carsten; Schroedter-Homscheidt, Marion; Thomas, Claire
    A long standing effort aims at creating and operating an automatic procedure for the assessment of the uncertainty in solar radiation data and the delivery of this information to users. This communication presents the early achievements. The overall objective can be seen as composed of three specific objectives: 1) assessing the uncertainty of the satellite-derived irradiation compared to a reference; 2) as the uncertainty depends on atmospheric conditions, devising a model that can predict uncertainty at any location and any time; 3) delivering information to users. As irradiation data are already delivered through the SoDa Service and the IEA SHC#36 / MESOR portal, it is natural to use these dissemination media and to embed the uncertainty quantities in the data flow. The strategy is to implement the overall procedure by the means of interoperable Web services. Two ensembles of Web services are being developed: one for the assessment protocol, the other for the model of uncertainty.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Environmental data for the planning of off-shore wind parks from the EnerGEO Platform of Integrated Assessment (PIA)
    (Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) Zelle, Hein; Mika, Agnes; Calkoen, Charles; Santbergen, Peter; Blanc, Isabelle; Guermont, Catherine; Menard, Lionel; Gschwind, Benoit
    The EU-sponsored EnerGEO project aims at providing decision makers with a modelling platform to assess the environmental impacts of different sources of renewable energy. One of the pillars of the project is the Wind Energy Pilot, addressing the effects of offshore wind parks on air pollution and energy use. The methods used in the pilot and the underlying environmental databases are integrated into a WebGIS client tool and made available to the public. This paper is dedicated to describing the environmental databases and supporting data incorporated in the client tool. A 27-km resolution, 11-year wind database is created using the WRF model. The wind database is used to assess the wind climate in the north-west Atlantic region and to derive the potential power output from offshore wind parks. Auxiliary data concerning water depth, distance to shore and distance to the nearest suitable port are created to aid the planning and maintenance phases. Seasonal workability conditions are assessed using a 20-year wave database. The distance at which future wind parks should be placed to exhibit different wind climates is investigated.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Estimating particulate matter health impact related to the combustion of different fossil fuels
    (Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) Schaap, Martijn; Kuenen, Jeroen; Hendriks, Carlijn; Kranenburg, Richard; Blanc, Isabelle; Gschwind, Benoit; Wyrwa, Artur
    Exposure to particulate matter (PM) in ambient air leads to adverse health effects. To design cost effective mitigation strategies, a thorough understanding of the sources of particulate matter is crucial. We have successfully generated a web map service that allows to access information on fuel dependent health effects due to particulate matter. For this purpose, the LOTOS-EUROS air pollution model was equipped with a source apportionment module that tracks the origin of the modelled particulate matter distributions throughout a simulation. Combined with a dedicated emission inventory PM2.5 maps specified by fuel type were generated for 2007-2009. These maps were combined with a health impact calculation to estimate Lost of Life Expectancy for each fuel categories. An user friendly web client was generated to access the results and use the web mapping service in an easy manner.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Human health impacts for Renewable Energy scenarios from the EnerGEO Platform of Integrated Assessment (PIA)
    (Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) Lefevre, Mireille; Gschwind, Benoit; Blanc, Isabelle; Ranchin, Thierry; Wyrwa, Artur; Drebszok, Kamila; Cofala, Janusz; Fuss, Sabine
    This article reports impact results from running the EnerGEO Platform of Integrated Assessment (PIA) related to human health for different scenarios in Europe. The scenarios were prepared within the EnerGEO project. The idea of this European project is to determine how low carbon scenarios, and in particular scenarios with a high share of renewable energy, affect concentrations of air pollutants and as a consequence affect human health. PM2.5 concentrations were estimated with the IIASA Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) model on a time horizon up to the year 2050 for different scenarios. We analyse here the estimation of the Loss of Life Expectancy due to PM2.5 concentrations for the Baseline scenario taken as a reference and the Maximum renewable power scenario.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Test of Several Approaches for the Composition of Web Services in Meteorology
    (Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Gschwind, Benoit; Wald, Lucien; Mahl, Robert; Irigoin, Francois; Menard, Lionel
    Composition of web services is a powerful means to answer user needs in many domains. This communication focuses on applications in meteorology. This domain presents several particularities which are discussed. We present an overview of three main types of approaches in composition of web services: static plan, IA-plan and theorem proof. We confront these types of approaches to the specific case of meteorology which is not well studied by the research community in web services. We design a test bed that is capable of handling the key issues in meteorology. We have selected three approaches. We adapt them to our case and build three prototypes which are used in the test bed to point out weakness and strength of each approach. We find that current approaches do not fulfill needs in meteorology. We recommend an hybrid approach that combines the three in order to obtain an automatic and adaptative composition.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    The EnerGEO Platform of Integrated Assessment (PIA): environmental assessment of scenarios as a web service
    (Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) Blanc, Isabelle; Gschwind, Benoit; Lefevre, Mireille; Beloin-Saint-Pierre, Didier; Ranchin, Thierry; Ménard, Lionel; Cofala, Janusz; Fuss, Sabine; Wyrwa, Artur; Drebszok, Kamila; Schaap, Martijn
    With the International Energy Agency estimating that global energy demand will increase between 40 and 50 percent by 2030 (compared to 2003), scientists and policymakers are concerned about the sustainability of the current energy system and what environmental pressures might result from the development of future energy systems. EnerGEO is an ongoing FP7 Project (2009-2013) which assesses the current and future impact of energy use on the environment by linking environmental observation systems with the processes involved in exploiting energy resources. The idea of this European project is to determine how low carbon scenarios, and in particular scenarios with a high share of renewable electricity, affect emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG) and contribute to mitigation of negative energy system impacts on human health and ecosystems. A Platform of Integrated Assessment (PIA) has been elaborated to provide impact results for a selection of scenarios via a set of models (large-scale energy models, Life Cycle Assessment models, ...). This PIA is currently available through a web service. The concept of the PIA is detailed and to illustrate its interest, a set of results is given with the use of the simulation mode of the European version of GAINS for a selection of scenarios.