Auflistung nach Autor:in "Haunschild, Jasmin"
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- ZeitschriftenartikelNutzer, Sammler, Entscheidungsträger? Arten der Bürgerbeteiligung in Smart Cities(HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 58, No. 5, 2021) Haunschild, Jasmin; Demuth, Kilian; Geiß, Henri-Jacques; Richter, Christian; Reuter, ChristianDigitalisierung ist ein präsenter Faktor in vielen Städten. So existieren bereits viele Smart-City -Initiativen, bei denen Städte versuchen, ihre Prozesse durch Erfassung und Verknüpfung von Daten, oft unter Zuhilfenahme von Datenplattformen, zu optimieren. In Anbetracht der damit einhergehenden großen Investitionen und Veränderungen wird Bürgerbeteiligung als zentraler Faktor für den Erfolg solcher Initiativen betrachtet. Bisher ist allerdings nicht klar, was typische Beteiligungsformate von Smart-City-Initiativen sind und welche Rolle(n) BürgerInnen dabei einnehmen. Dieser Beitrag leitet mittels einer Literaturanalyse zu Smart Cities ein Kategorienschema zu typischen Bürgerbeteiligungsarten ab. Die Analyse ergab, dass sich Einbindung von BürgerInnen in politische Entscheidungen und bei der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte maßgeblich auf e‑Government oder Participatory Design bezieht. Im Hinblick auf die Beteiligungsarten zeigt sich, dass Makrofabriken, Living Labs und Open-Data -Plattformen häufige Ansätze sind, um BürgerInnen als Co-Creators einzubinden. Zudem werden BürgerInnen mit Citizen Sensing zur Erfassung von Daten oder Missständen einbezogen. Dabei zeigen sich sowohl aktivere, als auch eher passive Beteiligungsarten. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Einbindung von BürgerInnen häufig entweder auf eine Beteiligung an politischen Entscheidungen oder an der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte abzielt. Auch wenn keine klare Abgrenzung möglich ist, sind diese Ansätze dann eher durch e‑Government oder Participatory Design inspiriert. Digitalization is currently a prominent factor in many cities. Already, many smart city initiatives exist that thrive to optimize processes by gathering and connecting data, often using data platforms. Considering the enormous financial investments and great changes, citizen participation is seen as a major success factor for such initiatives. So far it is unclear, what typical participation modes are in this context and which roles citizens take on in each. Therefore, this contribution reviews literature on smart city initiatives to derive categories of typical participation modes. Regarding typical participation mode, we find that citizens are involved as co-creators in micro factories, living labs, and open data platforms. In addition, with citizen sensing they are involved as data collectors. Other participation modes are geared towards political participation and aim for either active or passive participation. The analysis shows that participation aims either for political participation or for participation in the technical development. Although no clear separation can be made, the efforts are thus inspired mainly by e‑government or participatory design.
- KonferenzbeitragPerceptions and Use of Warning Apps – Did Recent Crises Lead to Changes in Germany?(Mensch und Computer 2022 - Tagungsband, 2022) Haunschild, Jasmin; Kaufhold, Marc-André; Reuter, ChristianWarning and emergency apps are an integral part of crisis informatics and particularly relevant in countries that currently do not have cell broadcast, such as Germany. Previous studies have shown that such apps are regarded as relevant, but only around 16% of German citizens used them in 2017 and 2019. With the COVID-19 pandemic and a devastating flash flood, Germany has recently experienced severe crisis-related losses. By comparing data from representative surveys from 2017, 2019 and 2021, this study investigates whether these events have changed the perceptions of warning apps and their usage patterns in Germany. The study shows that while multi-hazard emergency and warning apps have been easily surpassed in usage by COVID-19 contact tracing apps, the use of warning apps has also increased and the pandemic has added new desired features. While these have been little-used during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially non-users see smartphone messengers app channels as possible alternatives to warning apps. In addition, regional warning apps appear promising, possibly because they make choosing a warning app easier when there are several available on the market.
- WorkshopbeitragPerceptions of Police Technology Use and Attitudes Towards the Police - A Representative Survey of the German Population(Mensch und Computer 2021 - Workshopband, 2021) Haunschild, Jasmin; Reuter, ChristianMany Germans perceive a brutalization of society, and state officials also report feeling under attack. At the same time, policing is criticised for becoming increasingly militarised and for having extended surveillance in the course of fighting terrorism. Advancements in HCI are used in the context of many of the issues that policing is facing. In this study, we conduct a representative survey of the German population to investigate personal experiences with and attitudes towards the police and information and communication technologies (ICT) used for policing. We find an overall positive image of the police and uncritical attitudes towards ICT used for general surveillance (body-worn cameras, video surveillance, face recognition) and slightly more critical attitudes towards personal surveillance (e.g. through communication data retention). The study indicates that perceptions differ according to experience of unfair treatment by the police, while other factors such as age and education have similar effects.
- WorkshopbeitragSafe AND Secure Infrastructures? - Studying Human Aspects of Safety and Security Incidents with Experts from both Domains(Mensch und Computer 2023 - Workshopband, 2023) Zimmermann, Verena; Haunschild, Jasmin; Stöver, Alina; Gerber, NinaIn today’s digitalized and interconnected world, the traditionally distinct concepts security and safety are increasingly intertwined. For example, a cyber attack on a hospital can negatively impact the patients’ physical safety. Thus, security research and practice should consider these interactions. To explore human-related challenges at the intersection of safety and security, we conducted three focus group workshops with N= 16 experts from both domains. We introduced two scenarios leading to a power outage, one with a safety-related cause (snow storm) and one with a security-related cause (cyber attack). The experts discussed interactions, differences and parallels in coping with the scenarios. Additionally, potential solutions for building response capacity by including volunteers were explored. The findings indicate similar consequences resulting from the safety- vs. security-related incidents. However, the experts identified relevant differences in the challenges preparing for and coping with the scenarios. While security-related challenges included the incalculable time horizon, impact and cascading effects as well as lack of emergency plans and training, safety challengesmainly concerned accessibility of the affected area. The implications for future work are discussed.
- ZeitschriftenartikelSicherheitsherausforderungen für Smart-City-Infrastrukturen(Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management: Vol. 14, No. 2, 2022) Zimmermann, Verena; Haunschild, Jasmin; Unden, Marita; Gerber, Paul; Gerber, Nina
- ZeitschriftenartikelTowards Resilient Critical Infrastructures – Motivating Users to Contribute to Smart Grid Resilience(i-com: Vol. 20, No. 2, 2021) Egert, Rolf; Gerber, Nina; Haunschild, Jasmin; Kuehn, Philipp; Zimmermann, VerenaSmart cities aim at improving efficiency while providing safety and security by merging conventional infrastructures with information and communication technology. One strategy for mitigating hazardous situations and improving the overall resilience of the system is to involve citizens. For instance, smart grids involve prosumers—capable of producing and consuming electricity—who can adjust their electricity profile dynamically (i. e., decrease or increase electricity consumption), or use their local production to supply electricity to the grid. This mitigates the impact of peak consumption periods on the grid and makes it easier for operators to control the grid. This involvement of prosumers is accompanied by numerous socio-technical challenges, including motivating citizens to contribute by adjusting their electricity consumption to the requirements of the energy grid. Towards this end, this work investigates motivational strategies and tools, including nudging, persuasive technologies, and incentives, that can be leveraged to increase the motivation of citizens. We discuss long-term and side effects and ethical and privacy considerations, before portraying bug bounty programs, gamification and apps as technologies and strategies to communicate the motivational strategies to citizens.
- WorkshopbeitragTowards Secure Urban Infrastructures: Cyber Security Challenges for Information and Communication Technology in Smart Cities(Mensch und Computer 2020 - Workshopband, 2020) Reuter, Christian; Haunschild, Jasmin; Hollick, Matthias; Mühlhäuser, Max; Vogt, Joachim; Kreutzer, MichaelThe growth of cities continues to be a global megatrend. As more and more people live in urban areas and urban services and infrastructures are under growing strain, technologies are increasingly being researched and used to make city life more efficient and comfortable. As a result, so-called “Smart Cities” have complex IT infrastructures and cyber-physical systems such as sensor/actuator networks for the general population and are developing worldwide. Urban infrastructure must be secured against attacks, ensuring reliable and resilient services for citizens as well as privacy and data security. This paper introduces selected challenges faced by infrastructure providers, citizens and decision-makers in handling attacks aimed at information and communication technologies (ICT) of urban infrastructures and presents current research avenues for tackling cyberattacks and for developing tools for creating, portraying and disseminating actiona-ble information as one important response to security challenges. It then presents findings from a representative survey conducted in Germany (N=1091) on the experiences and perceptions of citizens concerning the relevance of cyberat-tacks will be presented.