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Auflistung nach Autor:in "Lou, Xinxin"

1 - 6 von 6
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    The application of Articial Intelligence for Cyber Security in Industry 4.0
    (INFORMATIK 2019: 50 Jahre Gesellschaft für Informatik – Informatik für Gesellschaft (Workshop-Beiträge), 2019) Ben Zid, Ines; Parekh, Mithil; Waedt, Karl; Lou, Xinxin
    The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different domains is continuously growing. In particular for cybersecurity, we can see the implementations of AI solutions, e.g. machine learning, in a wide range of applications from various domains. While some consider this step as risk for cybersecurity, others agree that it is in fact a solution to many issues as well. This leads to a higher necessity of having a right understanding as well as handling of cybersecurity controls that enforce meeting domain, project and application specific security targets. This implies that more efforts and resources have to be focused and invested towards cybersecurity. One reason for this is that attackers (threat agents) may integrate AI based algorithms and AI based evaluation of data, which forces the security staff to respond at a similar level. Thus, we are considering AI as a potential solution for satisfying a set of rising needs and objectives. In this paper, we present the concept for merging and integration of these three major domains and applications. Also, we detail the relevant motivations, requirements and challenges to be considered when coming to such combination.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    An idea of using Digital Twin to perform the functional safety and cybersecurity analysis
    (INFORMATIK 2019: 50 Jahre Gesellschaft für Informatik – Informatik für Gesellschaft (Workshop-Beiträge), 2019) Lou, Xinxin; Guo, Yun; Gao, Yuan; Waedt, Karl; Parekh, Mithil
    Current power plants, including nuclear power plants are based on digital technology. According to the Industry 4.0 concepts, similarly to the intelligent manufacturing for new factories, the use of digital twins for power plants is expected to progress. Researchers do the safety and cybersecurity analysis from various perspectives utilize different approaches, e.g. on the safety side, the FMEA (Failure Mode & Effect Analysis), FMECA (Failure mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis) are recommended by FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) to do the reliability analysis. On the cybersecurity part, researchers do the analysis only with a focus on the communication protocol, the code/memory level or on the system functionality. We have addressed refueling machines as an example for the joint consideration of functional safety and cybersecurity in previous publications. Whereas in this paper, we propose to do a functionality and cybersecurity analysis based on the digital twin of an ICS (Industrial Control System). We take the refueling machine as an example and discuss how to twin the refueling machine with high detail firstly. In addition, the possible way of how to model the ICS is discussed, e.g. the Automation ML will be used to describe the system, the OPC UA will be applied to implement the communication. Then the feasibility and benefit of analyzing the system functionality and cybersecurity based on the digital twin model are discussed.
  • Textdokument
    Interoperability and Security Challenges of Industry 4.0
    (INFORMATIK 2017, 2017) Watson, Venesa; Tellabi, Asmaa; Sassmannahausen, Jochen; Lou, Xinxin
    Industrie 4.0 (I4.0) is the fourth industrial revolution, which will see the digital transformation of manufacturing, through the integration on Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Data and Services, and the convergence of Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT). With any such transformation, there exists challenges that must first be addressed for a successful outcome. For I4.0, these are interoperability and security, which respectively arise from the interconnection of devices from different manufacturers and/or with different communication protocols; and the interconnection of networks with competing critical and non-critical traffic, and the increased access to initially isolated networks. This paper presents an overview of standards, such as IEC 62443, the ISO 27000 series, IEC 62541 Open Connectivity Unified Architecture (OPC UA) and Time Sensitive Networks (TSN) (IEEE 1722-2016), which addresses these challenges.
  • Textdokument
    Operational Security Analysis and Challenge for IoT Solutions
    (INFORMATIK 2020, 2021) Gao, Yuan; Lou, Xinxin
    The marketing engagement of Internet of Things (IoT) shows a wide vista together with Industry 4.0 regarding modern manufacturing and services. However, the evolution of technologies and rising regulation concerns regarding security and privacy are bring challenges to IoT solutions. On one side, the security analysis of IoT solutions has to consider the security posture in a much wider scope including both edge and cloud sides even across global geo-locations. On the other side, new regulation requirements demand a full tracking of data access. In addition, authorizations should be evaluated explicitly and can be revoked any time for maximizing data protection. Both challenges can be solved by implementing a novel security model targeting those requirements while zero trust model is a good candidate. Thus in this paper, we compared the most commonly used perimeter security model and the zero trust model under the circumstance for modern IoT solutions. Furthermore, from the regulation perspective, the concepts of zero trust model are analyzed to show its compliance with regulation requirements. For easing the discussion of IoT solutions, a general IoT architecture is proposed and relevant zero trust model implementations are described. Especially, the zero trust model relevant security controls are highlighted as a guidance for the design of IoT solutions. As the conclusion, we propose a general implementation of zero trust model within the context of IoT solution to solve the challenges facing by the industry.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Operational Security Modeling and Analysis for IACS
    (INFORMATIK 2019: 50 Jahre Gesellschaft für Informatik – Informatik für Gesellschaft (Workshop-Beiträge), 2019) Gao, Yuan; Ben Zid, Ines; Lou, Xinxin; Parekh, Mithil
    Security Certifications based on international standards, like ISO 27000 and IEC 62443 series, are strongly favored by industrial manufactures and (critical) facility owners. However, comparing to mature safety certification procedures, there is only a small portion of security certifications available on the market for the booming Industry 4.0 solutions and IoT/IIoT products. The major challenge is how to define a practical working scope, which is compatible with frequent system updates as well as creations of new systems by coupling supplier services. Meanwhile, the potential security impacts should be quantitatively predictable since some of them are tolerable, which are different from most of safety constraints. Thus, in this paper, we proposed an operational security model, which intends to support monitoring and analysis on a dynamically running system. It was extended from the 3-domains security model we proposed in previous work by introducing run-time perspectives and procedures. In addition, cooperating with the security in design concept, the proposed operational procedures were developed following the guidance of the security standard series IEC 62443. For addressing the external threats, Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) were involved to query whether some confidential information, like user-credentials and system vulnerabilities are already collected and publicly known to adversaries. The introduction of OSINT can support more transparent risk assessment approaches. As the conclusion, with the operational security model, we proposed a hybrid approach which consists of security certifications and continuous monitoring/consulting to solve the current challenge.
  • Textdokument
    Semi-Formal Representation and Evaluation of Security Properties
    (INFORMATIK 2017, 2017) Lou, Xinxin; Zid, Ines Ben; Parekh, Mithil; Gao, Yuan
    In life-critical and safety-critical systems, one small fault can lead to huge financial and personal damages. How to reduce system failure is an important question for engineers. After the software crisis, formal methods were proposed, which have been proved to effectively reduce the risk of failure. However, the formal method is somehow not as popular as expected, because it is not easy to master, and furthermore, lacks sufficient tools to support this method. In contrast, semi-formal method as a model-driven way is widely used in industry. In this paper, we attempt to apply an application of the semi-formal method to reduce security vulnerabilities of industrial systems. Furthermore, using CSlang, different Information Security Indicators (ISI) can be represented for Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS).