Auflistung nach Autor:in "MacDonell, Margaret"
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- KonferenzbeitragBig Data for Big Problems - Climate Change, Water Availability, and Food Safety(EnviroInfo & ICT4S, Conference Proceedings, 2015) Armbruster, Walter; MacDonell, MargaretAgriculture and the food supply chain face big problems related to climate change, water availability and food safety that challenge the ability to provide safe and affordable food security for the burgeoning world population. Applying data analytics to improve agricultural productivity involves a number of challenges in collecting, processing, and packaging data and findings in ways to provide practical tool for use by farmers and the food supply chain. To meet the growing demand for agricultural products despite the impacts of climate change and the limited availability of additional agricultural lands, it will be necessary to adopt climate-smart agriculture. Developments in improving the capability of the agricultural sector to withstand the productivity and economic impacts of drought are becoming more critical and require capacity to monitor regional and national soil moisture content. A global drought monitoring framework is being developed by scientists to integrate continental and regional drought monitoring. Another critical element of food security is food safety throughout the food processing and distribution supply chain. Risk assessment and cost/benefit analysis can be used to evaluate pathogen interventions in the food supply chain, then used to set priorities and targets for specific foodborne illnesses. However, concerns about data ownership and control, especially affecting potential privacy issues, will likely need attention throughout the food supply chain. The informatics community is in a prime position to develop robust and productive approaches to helping assure that society improves worldwide food security by insightful application of big data.
- KonferenzbeitragGIS and Cumulative Risk Analysis to Address Environmental Contamination(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) MacDonell, Margaret; Morgan, Ken
- KonferenzbeitragHarnessing Sensor and Information/Communication Technologies to Revolutionize How Environmental Data are Collected and Integrated to Protect Public Health(Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Environmental Informatics - Informatics for Environmental Protection, Sustainable Development and Risk Management, 2013) MacDonell, Margaret; Raymond, Michelle; Young-Soo, Chang; Armbruster, WaltMonitoring the levels of pollutants in ambient air has long been the responsibility of environmental agencies, and traditional programs have relied on a relatively small number of fixed stations that are expensive to install and operate. The spatial coverage of pollutant data ranges from limited in many urban areas to very sparse in smaller suburban and rural areas. Increasingly, the latter are being affected by new pollutant sources such as backyard drilling systems for energy development, and concentrated animal feeding operations and biodiesel production facilities on former agricultural lands. Regional measurement stations are not able to inform local communities about the types and concentrations of pollutants in their ambient and indoor air. Meanwhile, epidemiology studies and clinical data continue to indicate a link between air pollutants and adverse health effects, including respiratory and cardiovascular disease. With asthma on the rise and heart disease among the leading killers, the public has become increasingly concerned about knowing what their personal exposure levels are so they can determine appropriate measures to protect their health. To address this long-standing need, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has embarked upon an innovative program to improve the understanding of air pollution at the community and neighborhood scales. This program harnesses striking advances in sensor technology, mobile applications, and environmental informatics, with citizens playing a key role. The goal is to facilitate the development and widespread use of inexpensive mobile sensors, for widespread collection and integration of air quality data by citizens across the nation (and world), to help guide environmental health protection programs.
- KonferenzbeitragICT Role in Food Security and Food Safety(Environmental Infomatics - Stability, Continuity, Innovation: Current trends and future perspectives based on 30 years of history, 2016) Armbruster, Walter; MacDonell, Margaret
- KonferenzbeitragIntegrating Environmental and Health Data to Assess Cumulative Risks(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) MacDonell, MargaretSoil, surface water, and groundwater at thousands of industrial sites are contaminated from past research and production activities. Safely managing the contamination at these sites is a priority, and risk assessment plays a key role in identifying appropriate solutions that will ensure long-term health and environmental protection. The risk assessments must consider multiple contaminants, media, exposures, receptors, time frames, and effects. These analyses aim to integrate environmental and health data with sociocultural and economic issues to provide a more comprehensive view of potential risks and thus a stronger foundation for cleanup decisions. Initial steps are being taken to develop cumulative assessments for contaminated sites, focusing on linked conceptual models and screening approaches developed in communication with intersted parties.
- KonferenzbeitragIntegrating Hazard Data with Visualization Approaches to Frame Decisions on Water Use(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) MacDonell, Margaret; Morgan, Ken
- KonferenzbeitragInternational Cooperation to Reduce and Eliminate Obsolete Persistent Organic Pollutants in Russia(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Dyer, Robert; Barnes, Eleonora; Habegger, Loren; MacDonell, Margaret
- KonferenzbeitragMercury Risk Assessment: The Hidden Danger(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Newland, Leo; MacDonell, Margaret
- KonferenzbeitragMerging Old and New: Framing Technology Transfer to Improve Mercury Risk Management for Artisans and Communities(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Bailey, Marianne; Fernandez, Luis; Loren, Habegger; MacDonell, Margaret; Newland, LeoMillions of people worldwide are involved in artisanal mining and the crafting of precious metals. Mercury is a common additive for extracting gold from ore, and potential health impacts are substantial. A number of initiatives are under way to reduce mercury releases and exposures, and a recent pilot demonstration of a retort installation shop has demonstrated a 20-fold reduction in airborne levels within a small Brazilian gold shop. Information technology and educational outreach are key to increasing local awareness of the mercury threat and options for mitigating exposure, including via trainers. A prototype website is being developed to serve as an information resource for this effort.
- KonferenzbeitragNextGen Environmental Health Analysis: Community-Centric Approaches and Tools(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) MacDonell, MargaretAfter spurring the creation of environmental programs years ago, public involvement has been measured until recently. Advances in environmental informatics have dramatically changed the field, and the community is once again at the center, with increased participation and direct involvement in solutions for environmental sustainability ahead.