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Auflistung nach Autor:in "Maurer, Lisa"

1 - 7 von 7
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Analysis of ICT Research Demand in Environmental Research: A User.Centric Approach
    (Integration of Environmental Information in Europe, 2010) Chiabai, Aline; Maurer, Lisa
    The paper proposes a model to analyse the demand for ICT in key areas of environmental research, including climate change, natural resources, energy and biodiversity. The study applies stated preference techniques (based on surveys) and utility models to analyse the users’ preferences for ICT tools in different areas. Four on-line questionnaires have been administered in the period December 2009 – January 2010 to experts and end-users working in the above mentioned research areas. Results of the surveys show that ICT-related tools and activities need to be developed and implemented in specific contexts, taking into account users’ needs and expectations. The choice of the contexts for ICT development is strategically important as it provides the direction for future research. In particular, the use of e-participation and egovernance tools for decision-making is still not mature compared to other tools and systems. The study findings thus call for a broader development of participatory processes that can help policy makers in taking more effective decisions over the territory, based on the stakeholders’ views and aspirations.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Data Mining as Tool for Protection against Avalanches and Landslides
    (Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Maurer, Lisa; Klingler, Christian; Pachauri, Rajendra K.; Tochermann, Klaus
    Avalanches of snow, stone or mud (landslides) have always posed serious dangers both to individuals and to villages in ountainous regions all over the world. Many decisions to build a house or village in a certain location, or to embark on a hike or skiing tour, etc., have been traditionally influenced by the knowledge of local experts. Such local experts have learnt over generations to judge parameters that indicate potential dangers. Dramatic changes in weather patterns, often attributed to global warming, are endangering age-old knowledge parameters. It is hence essential to find new ways of determining whether a location or route is safe or has to be considered in danger, for a limited period of time or for good. We claim in this paper that the techniques to handle this new situation that have been deployed so far were often based on physics, on models of terrain, temperature, precipitation, etc. We believe that newer approaches that can be summarized under the buzz-word of data mining will gain more and more importance. We will explain this in some detail in the paper and hope to present some convincing arguments. One of the basic approaches we recommend we call “after event data mining”. To be more concrete let us consider one specific case: suppose a mud slide or snow avalanche has damaged a village in a location considered safe in the past. If analyzing the environmental data of past years (meteorological parameters as well as physical ones, like increase of deforestation) shows noticeable changes, observing analogous changes in some village still intact would be definite warning signals. They might lead to actions that preserve human lives and economic values. Note in passing that predictions based on this instrument of data mining might also have the reverse effect, e.g. demonstrating that a location unsafe before (because of the likelihood of snow avalanches) can now be considered safe (since the snowfall is dwindling in this location).
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Information Systems for Building an ERA in the Field of ICT for Environmental Sustainability
    (Proceedings of the European conference TOWARDS eENVIRONMENT, 2009) Geiger, Werner; Lutz, Richard; Maurer, Lisa; Pillmann, Werner; Schmitt, Christian; Schreiber, Martin; Tochtermann, Klaus
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Limitations and Potential of Information and Communication Technologies for Environmental Sustainability
    (Integration of Environmental Information in Europe, 2010) Maurer, Lisa; Marsh, Jesse; Tochtermann, Klaus
    ICT-ENSURE, a seventh framework programme support action, analyzed the importance and potential of information and communication technologies in the area of environmental sustainability and to work towards a European Research Area in the field of “ICT for Environmental Sustainability”. In order to achieve this, efforts were taken to involve a larger expert community in the process through the organization of workshops, and through questionnaires and surveys to involve a wide range of expert opinions in a number selected environmental fields (e.g. climate change, natural resources, biodiversity, energy, risk management …). Through this wide scope of selected research fields it became clear, that while some requirements were specific for the different fields and also for different actor groups, some general trends were clear and limitations across the fields largely similar. The highest potential was generally seen in information systems and knowledge management systems, while the main challenges and user requirements were seen in areas of data and access to data, integration and information sharing, sensor technologies and mobile tools, tools for participation, communication and education. Based on the identifies user requirements a structure was developed, based on the DPSIR framework, in which ICT was seen as a facilitator of the process dimensions, while relevant research questions, involved actor groups and objectives were developed to provide a framework for future discussions towards a common research agenda.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Social Validation of INSPIRE Annex III Data Structures in EU Habitats
    (Integration of Environmental Information in Europe, 2010) Marsh, Jesse; Maurer, Lisa
    The EU INSPIRE directive lays the foundation of a common infrastructure for spatial information in Europe in order to support policies and activities that have an impact on environment. The HABITATS project implements network services that enable citizens and businesses to identify, access, use and reuse, in an interoperable and seamless way and for a variety of uses, aggregated geographical information covering a significant part of natural and environmental systems and coming from a wide range of sources, from the local to the European level. The involvement of final end users from the outset in the processes of designing and validating the INSPIRE-related standards drives the standards adoption process and guarantees continued upgrading and maintenance of the content represented. The project aims to build a bridge between INSPIRE and real and concrete user communities to introduce a “demandpull” drive to its standardisation processes, allowing to reach these objectives at the appropriate time through the codevelopment of the desired service scenarios.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Social Validation of INSPIRE Standards Using Online Communities
    (Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Maurer, Lisa; Hoefler, Patrick
    This paper describes an approach using online social networks for a participatory, social validation process of INSPIRE Annex III Data Structures in the habitats-related data themes of Sea Regions, Bio-geographical Regions, Habitats and Biotopes, and Species Distribution. Seven European pilot areas dealing with habitats-related data provide the basis for this validation process, which is then supported and facilitated through the use of different social networks. The platform strategy, based on the concept of aggregated communities, is described as well. Various communities provide the basis for involving interested users in the discussion and validation process and thereby help to put the discussions from a local or regional to an international level. The open approach that has been chosen tries to reduce the barriers of participating in the discussions as much as possible in order to discover the real requirements for the pilot areas. Based on these findings, geo-spatial applications are provided to allow for active testing and experimenting as important part of the discussion and validation process.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Web-based Support for Community Building of an European network of experts & professionals of ICT for environmental Sustainability
    (Integration of Environmental Information in Europe, 2010) Becker, Jutta; Maurer, Lisa; Tochtermann, Klaus
    In this paper, we have described our efforts to introduce a web based community platform to an existing community in the field of ICT for environmental sustainability. We argue that a given already established community solution can effectively foster collaboration between the experts and professionals. An interest group for ICT for environmental sustainability has been set up and existing community members have been invited to the online community. First guidelines and discussion forum structure have been introduced. The easy to use and already well known business community platform XING reflected a part of the whole community act ivies and network structure and can be used to foster further online community networking.