Logo des Repositoriums

Auflistung nach Autor:in "Wessel, Daniel"

1 - 10 von 16
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Affinity for technology interaction and fields of study: implications for human-centered design of applications for public administration
    (Mensch und Computer 2020 - Tagungsband, 2020) Wessel, Daniel; Heine, Moreen; Attig, Christiane; Franke, Thomas
    Affinity for Technology Interaction (ATI) describes whether a person approaches or avoids interaction with technology [1], making it an important variable in human-centered design. To determine whether ATI will likely remain an important variable in the future, we compared the ATI scores of those who will develop applications (students of media and computer science) with those who will use them in a specific context (students of public administration). We also looked for possible selection biases when conducting online samples regarding technology, by comparing a self-selected online sample of public administration employees with a sample of students of public administration conducted in a classroom, in which no selection biases should have had occurred. To locate the samples in the general population we also compared them with a quota sample of the German population. Results indicate markedly different approaches to technology interaction between the student samples and the online sample being more similar to the media and computer science students. We discuss consequences for the human-centered design process, especially for understanding the users.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    ATI-S -- An Ultra-Short Scale for Assessing Affinity for Technology Interaction in User Studies
    (Mensch und Computer 2019 - Tagungsband, 2019) Wessel, Daniel; Attig, Christiane; Franke, Thomas
    In research and development in general, and in user-centered design (UCD) in particular, participants of studies have to be representative for the target audience. However, given the voluntary participation in user studies and an ensuing self-selection bias, participants of user studies likely prefer to engage with technology more strongly than the target audience in general (i.e., they have a higher affinity for technology interaction, ATI). Unchecked, this potential bias might lead to products that neglect important user groups or miss valuable market niches. At the same time, participants’ time is limited, so assessment of ATI must be economical. Thus, we propose an ultra-short ATI scale derived from the ATI scale by [10]. ATI-S was developed using theoretical considerations and empirical analyses. It provides a sufficiently reliable and valid assessment of ATI in conditions with strict time-constraints, in which the full ATI scale cannot be used.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Dyslexia and Accessibility Guidelines – How to Avoid Barriers to Access in Public Services
    (i-com: Vol. 21, No. 1, 2022) Kennecke, Ann-Kathrin; Wessel, Daniel; Heine, Moreen
    Interaction becomes increasingly digital, including interactions with public authorities, requiring websites to be accessible for all. The strong focus on written words in digital interactions allows for assistive technology to improve access for many users. However, it might impede usability for users with reading and writing difficulties. The present paper examines whether guidelines such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) sufficiently cover users with dyslexia and how usability can be improved for this user group. This paper expands a previously published version at the Mensch und Computer 2021 conference [1]. Using literature research and interviews with users with dyslexia and focusing on an application of the WCAG on the country level (a German law regulating accessibility for e-government websites), we confirmed and identified gaps in the WCAG for this group. We focus on within-site search, as this function is frequently used to find relevant information, esp. on infrequently visited sites such as e-government websites. Modifications to improve search were developed based on literature and the results of the interviews. They were empirically evaluated in an online study with 31 users with dyslexia and 71 without. Results indicate that an auto-complete function, a search that compensates for spelling errors, an indicator that the search was corrected, search term summary information, and avoidance of capital letters were useful for both groups, while wider line spacing should only be used in end-user customization.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    E-Government und Datensouveränität – Einblicke und Lösungsansätze
    (HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 58, No. 5, 2021) Heine, Moreen; Wessel, Daniel
    Die Digitalisierung hat alle Lebensbereiche erreicht – so auch den öffentlichen Sektor. Um bequeme E‑Government-Angebote bereitstellen zu können, müssen bürgerbezogene Daten zwischen Verwaltungen geteilt werden. Gleichzeitig verfolgen viele Kommunen Smart-City-Strategien und sind dabei auch auf den Zugang zu Daten der Bürger angewiesen. Damit stellt die Digitalisierung und Digitale Transformation im öffentlichen Sektor zunehmend mehr Anforderungen an die Datensouveränität der Bürger. Im privaten Bereich geschieht dieses Teilen und die Weitergabe von Daten häufig unreflektiert oder wenig informiert. Zwar stimmen viele Personen zu, dass ihnen Datenschutz wichtig sei, diese Einstellung zeigt sich allerdings oft nicht im Verhalten (Privacy Paradox). Ziel des Beitrags ist es, basierend auf aktueller Forschung, für die Datensouveränität relevante Eigenschaften von Websites im privaten und öffentlichen Kontext anhand von exemplarischen Fällen zu beschreiben. Unterschieden wird dabei zwischen öffentlichen Angeboten (z. B. Bürgerportale von Kommunen), besonders regulierten Angeboten (z. B. Portale von Banken und Versicherungen) und privaten Angeboten, deren Geschäftsmodell darauf beruht, möglichst umfangreiche Daten über ihre Nutzer zu sammeln (z. B. Soziale Netzwerke). Ziel ist es, Eigenschaften der Websites zu erfassen, die Auswirkungen auf die Datensouveränität auf Nutzerseite haben können und Gestaltungsempfehlungen zur Erhöhung der Datensouveränität, insbesondere für den öffentlichen Sektor, abzuleiten. Digitalisation has reached all areas of life—including the public sector. To provide convenient e‑government services, citizen-related data must be shared between administrations. At the same time, many municipalities are pursuing smart city strategies and are dependent on access to citizen data. Digitalisation and digital transformation in the public sector are thus placing increasing demands on the data sovereignty of citizens. In the private sector, sharing and transmission of data often happen unthinkingly or while lacking information. Although many people agree that privacy is important to them, this attitude is often not reflected in their behaviour (privacy paradox). Based on current research, this article aims to describe the characteristics of websites relevant to data sovereignty in private and public contexts using illustrative cases. A distinction is made between public services (e.g., citizens’ portals of municipalities), particularly regulated services (e.g., portals of banks and insurance companies), and private services whose business model is based on collecting as much data as possible about their users (e.g., social networks). The aim is to identify characteristics of the websites that can have an impact on data sovereignty on the user side and to derive design recommendations for increasing data sovereignty, especially for the public sector.
  • Workshopbeitrag
    German Translation of the Multimodal Presence Scale
    (Mensch und Computer 2018 - Tagungsband, 2018) Volkmann, Torben; Wessel, Daniel; Jochems, Nicole; Franke, Thomas
    Presence is a key variable in virtual reality. A differentiated assessment of presence is necessary to com-pare different versions of VR environments. The Multimodal Presence Scale (MPS) by Makransky, Lilleholt, and Aaby (2017) was developed to measure physical, social and self-presence. However, the scale is not yet available in German. We provide a professional translation of the scale and first indicators of its reliability, esp. in the context of assessing social presence, an increasingly important aspect of pres-ence.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Human-Centered Development of an Activity Diary App for People with Depression
    (Mensch und Computer 2019 - Tagungsband, 2019) Wessel, Daniel; Kohlbrandt, Helke; Mentler, Tilo
    As part of some treatments of depression, patients are asked to keep an activity diary on a sheet of paper in which they log their activities, and their emotions or mood. However, this way of keeping an activity diary has many disadvantages. A mobile app seems like a better solution. But how must an app for patients with depression be designed, to facilitate quick and effortless capture of activities, and emotions and/or mood? We used a human-centered development process with multiple design iterations and evaluations to develop an activity diary app for people with depression. In the process differing perspectives of therapists and patients became apparent, as well as within the group of therapists themselves. The resulting app was well-received by patients and therapists.
  • Textdokument
    Moving freely while staying on track — Smart Glasses to Support Lecturers
    (Bildungsräume 2017, 2017) Wolters, Christian; Wessel, Daniel; Jacobsen, Finn; Herczeg, Michael
    This paper explores the use of smart glasses as a supporting tool for lecturers. Typical constraints of lecture rooms, like fixed lecture stands and projection surfaces, impose limits on a lecturer's interaction with the audience. Wearable devices like smart glasses could allow the lecturer to move freely, keep continuous eye-contact to facilitate attention, while providing unobtrusive access to time information and lecture notes. Following a human-centered design process (HCD) the development and evaluation of a working prototype is presented. Results of the HCD process show the potential and feasibility of the proposed design solution, but also highlight the limitations of the current technology.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Open Data Hackathon – Vergleich von in Präsenz und online durchgeführten Projektseminaren
    (HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 58, No. 6, 2021) König, Florian; Wessel, Daniel; Heine, Moreen
    Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat die Einführung und die Nutzung neuer, vollständig digitaler Lehrformate und -methoden in der Hochschullehre erforderlich gemacht. Insbesondere eher informelle, hoch-interaktive Lehrveranstaltungen wie Projektseminare müssen an diese veränderten Bedingungen angepasst werden. Aber wie können bei einer Online-Durchführung die Chancen des digitalen Formates ausgeschöpft werden und mögliche Probleme reduziert werden? In diesem Beitrag kontrastieren wir die Durchführung eines Projektseminars in Form eines Hackathons in Präsenz mit einem Online-Format. Auf Basis des Stands der Forschung werden das Konzept, die Durchführung und die Ergebnisse dieser beiden Veranstaltungsformate verglichen. Der Fokus der Hackathons lag in beiden Fällen auf der Nutzung offener Daten im Kontext des öffentlichen Sektors (Open Data Hackathon). Auf Basis von qualitativen Teilnehmerbefragungen werden hierbei Verlauf, Projektergebnisse und Zufriedenheit der Teilnehmer verglichen. Dabei werden die unterschiedlichen Rahmenbedingungen (insbesondere bezüglich der Bedingungen für die Aufgabenbearbeitung und Zusammenarbeit) sowie Möglichkeiten zur Unterstützung der sozialen Interaktion untersucht und Vorschläge zur Durchführung von Online-Hackathons gegeben. The Covid 19 pandemic has necessitated introducing and using new, fully digital teaching formats and methods in higher education. In particular, more informal, highly interactive courses such as project seminars need to be adapted to the online format. How can the opportunities of digital learning formats be utilized, and potential problems be reduced? In this paper, we contrast the implementation of a project seminar in the form of a hackathon in presence vs. online format. Based on the state of the art of research, we compare the concepts, their execution, and the results of these two modes. The thematic focus of the hackathons was the use of open data in the public sector (Open Data Hackathon). Based on qualitative participant surveys, the course, project results, and participants’ satisfaction are compared. The different conditions (especially regarding task execution and collaboration) and possibilities for supporting social interaction are examined, and suggestions for the implementation of online hackathons are provided.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Overcoming the prevention dilemma ? Improving the accessibility of information on support services for families with a digital information platform
    (Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Hemmie, Thilo; Wessel, Daniel; Heine, Moreen
    To help ensure children do not suffer when parents are overwhelmed, many countries, including Germany, offer child protective services and family support programs. In Germany, family centers on district-level provide preventative support services. However, the families most in need of their services often face the greatest barriers to accessing these, a situation known as the “prevention dilemma.” A human-centered design process was undertaken, involving family centers and target audiences, to identify and address these barriers. The resulting native app aims to improve accessibility to support services by providing essential information. The evaluation shows the app has a high usability, was well-received by the target audience, and has the potential to mitigate some of the access barriers. This study highlights the importance of accessible support measures for vulnerable families, contributing to improved child welfare.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Practice Report “Smart Disaster Management” — Combining Smart City Data and Citizen Participation to Increase Disaster Resilience
    (i-com: Vol. 20, No. 2, 2021) Wessel, Daniel; Holtz, Julien; König, Florian
    Smart cities have a huge potential to increase the everyday efficiency of cities, but also to increase preparation and resilience in case of natural disasters. Especially for disasters which are somewhat predicable like floods, sensor data can be used to provide citizens with up-to-date, personalized and location-specific information (street or even house level resolution). This information allows citizens to better prepare to avert water damage to their property, reduce the needed government support, and — by connecting citizens locally — improve mutual support among neighbors. But how can a smart city application be designed that is both usable and able to function during disaster conditions? Which smart city information can be used? How can the likelihood of mutual, local support be increased? In this practice report, we present the human-centered development process of an app to use Smart City data to better prepare citizens for floods and improve their mutual support during disasters as a case study to answer these questions.