P191 - BIOSIG 2011 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group
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- KonferenzbeitragTowards hand biometrics in mobile devices(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) de Santos Sierra, Alberto; Ávila, Carmen Sánchez; Mendaza Ormaza, Aitor; Guerra Casanova, JavierThe increasing demand of security oriented to mobile applications has raised the attention to biometrics, as a proper and suitable solution for providing secure environment to mobile devices. With this aim, this document presents a biometric system based on hand geometry oriented to mobile devices, involving a high degree of freedom in terms of illumination, hand rotation and distance to camera. The user takes a picture of their own hand in the free space, without requiring any flat surface to locate the hand, and without removals of rings, bracelets or watches. The proposed biometric system relies on an accurate segmentation procedure, able to isolate hands from any background; a feature extraction, invariant to orientation, illumination, distance to camera and background; and a user classification, based on k-Nearest Neighbor approach, able to provide an accurate results on individual identification. Previous schemes combine simplicity, low computational cost and efficiency, so that their implementation in mobile devices is feasible. The proposed method has been evaluated with two own databases collected with a HTC mobile. First database contains 120 individuals, with 20 acquisitions of both hands. Second database is a synthetic database, containing 408000 images of hand samples in different backgrounds: tiles, grass, water, sand, soil and the like. The system is able to identify individuals properly with False Reject Rate of 5.78% and False Acceptance Rate of 0.089%, using 60 features (15 features per finger).
- KonferenzbeitragContinuous speaker verification in realtime(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Kunz, Max; Kasper, Klaus; Reininger, Herbert; Möbius, Manuel; Ohms, JonathanBiometric speaker verification deals with the recognition of voice and speech features to reliably identify a user and to offer him a comfortable alternative to knowledge-based authentication methods like passwords. As more and more personal data is saved on smartphones and other mobile devices, their security is in the focus of recent applications. Continuous Speaker Verification during smartphone phone calls offers a convenient way to improve the protection of these sensitive data. This paper describes an approach to realize a system for continuous speaker verification during an ongoing phone call. The aim of this research was to investigate the feasibility of such a system by creating a prototype. This prototype shows how it is possible to use existing technologies for speaker verification and speech recognition to compute segments of a continuous audio signal in real-time. In line with experiments, a simulation study was made in which 14 subjects first trained the system with a freely spoken text and then verified themselves afterwards. Ad- ditional intruder tests against all other profiles where also simulated.
- KonferenzbeitragLarge scale iris image quality evaluation(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Tabassi, ElhamSeveral recent studies have shown that while iris images captured at near infrared are viable biometrics for verification and identification, similar to other biometrics, its performance drops when comparing images from imperfect sources (e.g. subject blinking), under imperfect conditions (e.g. out of focus) or non-ideal capture device. The immediate question to ask is what factors and to what degree are most influential on iris recognition performance. Motivated by this need, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) initiated Iris Quality Evaluation and Calibration (IQCE). IQCE aims to define and quantify iris image properties that are influential on performance of iris recognition. This paper gives an overview of the IQCE.
- KonferenzbeitragGait recognition using time-of-flight sensor(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Derawi, Mohammad Omar; Ali, Hazem; Cheikh, Faouzi AlayaThis paper develops a biometric gait recognition system based on 3D video acquired by a Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensor providing depth and intensity frames. A first step of the proposed gait analysis is the automatic extraction of the silhouette of the person via segmentation. The segmentation of the silhouette is performed on the depth frame which provide information which describes the distance from the camera of every pixel in the intensity frame. The range data is sensitive to noise thus we apply morphological filtering operations to enhance the segmented object and eliminate the background noise. The positions of the joint angles are estimated based on the splitting of the silhouette into several body segments, based on anatomical knowledge, and ellipse fitting. The resulting parameters from this analysis of the silhouette are used for feature extraction from each frame. The evolutions of these features in time are used to characterise the gait patterns of the test subjects. Finally, we do biometric performance evaluation for the whole system. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the first article that introduces biometric gait recognition based on ToF Sensor.
- KonferenzbeitragStatistical analyses of fingerprint growth(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Hotz, Thomas; Gottschlich, Carsten; Lorenz, Robert; Bernhardt, Stefanie; Hantschel, Michael; Munk, AxelWe study the effect of growth on the fingerprints of adolescents, based on which we suggest a simple method to adjust for growth when trying to retrieve an adolescent's fingerprint in a database years later. Here, we focus on the statistical analyses used to determine how fingerprints grow: Procrustes analysis allows us to establish that fingerprints grow isotropically, an appropriate mixed effects model shows that fingerprints essentially grow proportionally to body height. The resulting growth model is validated by showing that it brings points of interest as close as if both fingerprints were taken from an adult. Further details on this study, in particular results when applying our growth model in verification and identification tests, can be found in C. Gottschlich, T. Hotz, R. Lorenz, S. Bernhardt, M. Hantschel and A. Munk: Modeling the Growth of Fingerprints Improves Matching for Adolescents, IEEE Transations on Information Forensics and Security, 2011 (to appear).
- KonferenzbeitragTowards a biometric random number generator – a general approach for true random extraction from biometric samples(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Hartung, Daniel; Wold, Knut; Graffi, Kalman; Petrovic, SlobodanBiometric systems are per definition used to identify individuals or verify an identity claim - one difficulty of getting reliable decisions is the inherent noise that makes it difficult to extract stable features from biometric data. This paper describes how biometric samples can be used to generate strong random numbers which form the basis of many security protocols. Independent from the biometric modality, the only requirement of the proposed solution are feature vectors of fixed length and structure. Each element of such a feature vector is analyzed for its reliability - only unreliable positions, that cannot be reproduced coherently from one source, are extracted as bits to form the final random bit sequences. Optionally a strong hash-based random extraction can be used. The practicability is shown testing vascular patterns against the NIST-recommended test suite for random number generators.
- KonferenzbeitragVISPILOT - towards european biometric visa border control(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Schwaiger, Michael; Rahmun, Fares; Bausinger, Oliver; Grell, MathiasTo thoroughly prepare the expected start of the European Visa Information System (VIS) in 2011, Germany has implemented and evaluated the biometric visa border control process in a dedicated pilot project. In addition to implementing all necessary software modules for the access to the VIS, the focus of the project was set on the new feature of fingerprint biometrics. Fingerprint verification is applied to the primary position during border control where the process is optimised for fast completion, high throughput and ease of use. Extended identity checks with a quality-oriented border control process are conducted at the secondary position, where also a time-consuming fingerprint identification can be applied. Several tests were conducted during the pilot project in order to evaluate the VIS border control process. Recommendations regarding the implementation and operation of VIS related systems on the national level have been derived based on the evaluation results.
- KonferenzbeitragSecure mobile payment thanks to a very safe, comfortable, and fake-resistant biometric authentication(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Blessing, WernerThis unique solution will ensure that only the authorized person has access to the respective mobile applications, unauthorized access will be denied. It is very safe and very easy to use.
- KonferenzbeitragA new biometric identification model and the multiple hypothesis testing for arbitrarily varying objects(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Harutyunyan, Ashot; Grigoryan, Naira; Voloshynovskiy, Svyatoslav; Koval, OleksiyWe introduce a new interpretation for the biometric enrollment and identification paradigms and show how the problem of multiple hypothesis testing (HT) for arbitrarily varying sources (AVS) in a special case relates to it. The traditional studies on biometric systems from communication perspectives assume the noisy channel model. If suppose that the process of the biometric data enrollment for a person can be performed several times and at each time both the person and the detector have some arbitrary “state”, then those observations characterized according to their empirical distributions can be treated as family distributions of an AVS. It means that M persons enrollment indicate M different AVS's. Then the problem of biometric identification based on a new observation turns to be a detection of true AVS with an additional option of rejecting the existing M hypotheses. In this context, the biometric identification over noisy channels converts to one in an arbitrarily varying stochastic environment. We consider the problem within a fundamental framework of HT and information theory. The asymptotic tradeoffs among error probability exponents associated with false acceptance of rejection decision and false rejection of true distribution family are investigated and the optimal decision strategies are outlined. It is proved that for an optimal discrimination of M hypothetical distribution families/persons the ideal detector permits always lower error than in deciding in favor of the rejection.
- KonferenzbeitragVisual cryptography applied to fingerprint features as a solution for pre-alignment(BIOSIG 2011 – Proceedings of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, 2011) Bringer, Julien; Chabanne, HervéVisual cryptography enables to derive from an image two shares that give separately no information on the original image while leading back to the image by superimposition of the shares. In this work, we apply this technique to fingerprint features for enabling an alignment of a reference and a fresh images. The idea is to use an encrypted share derived from the reference data as a kind of reference grid for pre-alignment of the fresh data on it. Following the principle of visual cryptography, it also ensures a storage protection when data are stored in separate locations.