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Auflistung nach Schlagwort "Internet of Things"

1 - 10 von 64
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Adapting Kubernetes to IIoT and Industry 4.0 protocols - An initial performance analysis
    (Softwaretechnik-Trends Band 43, Heft 1, 2023) Alamoush, Ahmad; Eichelberger, Holger
    Kubernetes (K8s) is one of the most frequently used container orchestration tools offering, as it offers a rich set of functions to manage containerized applications, it is customizable and extensible. Container virtualization of applications and their orchestration on heterogeneous resources including edge devices is a recent trend in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)/Industry 4.0, where K8s is also applied. However, IIoT/Industry 4.0 is a domain with high standardization requirements. Besides equipment standards, e.g., for electrical control cabinets, there are also demands to standardize network protocols, data formats or information models. Such standards can foster interoperability and reduce complexity or deployment/integration costs. Here, the proprietary communication protocol of K8s and similar orchestrators can be an obstacle for adoption. To explore this situation from an interoperability and integration perspective, we present in this paper an approach to replace the communication protocol of K8s without modifying its code base. We show by an experiment that applying our approach with three current forms of IIoT communication, namely Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Ad vanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP), and Asset Administration Shell (AAS), does not significantly affect the validity and the performance of K8s.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Assessing Users’ Privacy and Security Concerns of Smart Home Technologies
    (i-com: Vol. 18, No. 3, 2019) Zimmermann, Verena; Gerber, Paul; Marky, Karola; Böck, Leon; Kirchbuchner, Florian
    Smart Home technologies have the potential to increase the quality of life, home security and facilitate elderly care. Therefore, they require access to a plethora of data about the users’ homes and private lives. Resulting security and privacy concerns form a relevant barrier to adopting this promising technology. Aiming to support end users’ informed decision-making through addressing the concerns we first conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 potential and little-experienced Smart Home users. Their diverse concerns were clustered into four themes that center around attacks on Smart Home data and devices, the perceived loss of control, the trade-off between functionality and security, and user-centric concerns as compared to concerns on a societal level. Second, we discuss measures to address the four themes from an interdisciplinary perspective. The paper concludes with recommendations for addressing user concerns and for supporting developers in designing user-centered Smart Home technologies.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Augmented Reality Experiences for the Operator 4.0
    (Mensch und Computer 2020 - Usability Professionals, 2020) Hariharan, Anuja; Maharudrappa, Bindu; Felic, Artur
    Virtual manufacturing has resurfaced and become the time of the hour - when entire production industries had to halt due to an unprecedented pandemic. This situation raises questions such as - Is a complete "virtual manufacturing" process even possible? How can an Operator stay well- and super-informed in such environments and make timely decisions? How can he collaborate effectively in virtual reality? Mixed Reality offers the opportunity to provide real-time information in an inobtrusive way, promising travel and cost-savings. An Operator wearing a set of smart glasses or holding a tablet receives individualized and real-time information about production order and status. His augmented experience motivates him to absorb information, and reduces his need to be physically present. Real-time sensor data make his information accurate. Digital twins enrich his visual experience, rendering him/her with a deeper understanding of the production processes. Maintenance instructions on augmented reality (AR) make his life easy, while performing expensive repair procedures. Collaborative tools in virtual reality enrich his possibilities to teleport and work with other co-creators. With practical demonstrations and use cases, we present proof-of-concepts of systems conceived for the Operator 4.0, with demonstrations and evaluations.
  • Textdokument
    BASE MoVE - A Basis for a Future-proof IoT Sensor
    (INFORMATIK 2020, 2021) Akelbein, Jens-Peter; Beckmann, Kai; Hoss, Mario; Schneider, Samuel; Seyfarth, Stefan; Thoss, Marcus
    For a long time, the Internet of Things was considered the vision of interconnecting every device, leading to fundamentally new and pervasive application scenarios. In practice, however, the projected growth and realisation of IoT scenarios is often impeded by practical problems. The BASE MoVE research project, a cooperation between universities and industrial partners, took a holistic look at requirements and inhibitors for investing in IoT solutions, using Ambient Assisted Living as an application domain example. The perspectives of all stakeholders involved were taken into account during the design of a solution architecture, from the user to the manufacturer to the service provider and housing association. This paper presents the resulting modular base platform for IoT applications. Power supply through battery and energy harvesting reduces installation costs. The use of open source software and the support of several common smart home protocols also prevents a lock-in effect and dependency on a single manufacturer. This makes it possible to protect investments from market-driven changes from one manufacturer's ecosystem to another. Here, the paper takes an in-depth look into the choice of protocols. Over-the-air updates allow for secure operation as well as remote maintenance, no longer requiring expensive in-person maintenance. Finally, the manufacturing of the solution as a hardware module, as realised in BASE MoVE, also allows for easier creation and certification of new sensor devices in a company's product portfolio. To evaluate the developed solution, an apartment was equipped with different sensor devices, and a smart home scenario was implemented. The feasibility study could demonstrate that it is indeed possible to create a base platform that meets today's requirements of the stakeholders involved and allows for a sustainable, future-proof usage by offering adaptability to new technologies. In addition to the scientific results, the project also gave an assessment about component maturity and cost, which is valuable for the commercial project partner and its market entry strategy.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Blockchains and the crypto city
    (it - Information Technology: Vol. 59, No. 6, 2017) Potts, Jason; Rennie, Ellie; Goldenfein, Jake
    Drawing on economic transaction cost theory, this paper explores how blockchain and distributed ledger technology could shift the smart city agenda by altering transaction costs with implications for the coordination of infrastructures and resources. Like the smart city the crypto city utilizes data informatics, but can be coordinated through distributed rather than centralized systems. The data infrastructure of the crypto city can enable civil society to run local public goods and services, and facilitate economic and social entrepreneurship.
  • Textdokument
    Blöcke, Blumen, Mikrocontroller und das Internet of Things
    (Informatik für alle, 2019) Pancratz, Nils; Fandrich, Anatolij; Chytas, Christos; Daeglau, Mareike; Diethelm, Ira
    Die Art und Weise, mit der Informatik über die letzten Jahrzehnte von der Industrie, den Medien und teils sogar (öffentlichen) Bildungseinrichtungen vermarktet wurde, führte in westlichen Kulturen zu einer deutlichen Geschlechterkluft in informatischen Berufen wie auch Studiengängen. Studien zu diesem aus diversen Gründen anzugehenden Missstand lieferten in den letzten Jahren gehäuft Belege dafür, dass sich Mädchen und junge Frauen eher für Informatik begeistern lassen, wenn ihnen diese faszinierende Wissenschaft in Kreativität, Kollaboration und Kommunikation fordernden und fördernden Kontexten präsentiert wird. So führten diese Erkenntnisse zuletzt vermehrt zu Bemühungen, Mädchen über spezielle außerschulische Workshopformate anzusprechen. Um in solchen Formaten Programmieranfängerinnen und -anfängern zugleich grundlegende Programmierkenntnisse (bspw. über Schleifen, Variablen, Verzweigungen und Methodenaufrufe) zu vermitteln und trotzdem schnell motivierende Ergebnisse zu erzielen, wird zuletzt vermehrt auf das Konzept des Computational Design zurückgegriffen. Dies ermöglicht über die Idee der Digital Fabrication ebenso wie das in außerschulischen Workshops bereits etablierte Physical Computing, Informatik im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes begreifbar zu machen. Dieser Praxisbeitrag stellt ein Workshopkonzept vor, in dem über den Kontext des Internet of Things die Ideen hinter Parametric Design und Physical Computing miteinander kombiniert werden – und dabei beide Geschlechter gleichermaßen ansprechen kann und soll! Das Ziel ist, am Ende des Workshops, der bereits mehrmals erfolgreich sowohl in außerschulischen wie auch schulischen Formaten durchgeführt wurde, eine selbstgestaltete Lampe – bspw. in Blumenform – fabriziert zu haben, die in Abhängigkeit der über das Internet bezogenen Wetterdaten in eigens kreierten Lichteffekten strahlt.
  • Zeitschriftenartikel
    Cloud to Cloud Integration im IoT Umfeld
    (HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 56, No. 6, 2019) Hick, Lukas; Börner, Dirk; Pagnia, Henning
    Das Internet of Things (IoT) ist ein wichtiger Baustein bei der Digitalen Transformation von Unternehmen und ein stark wachsender Markt. In dem Zeitraum von 2015–2025 wird laut einer Studie von IHS Technology eine Verfünffachung auf 75 Mrd. IoT-fähige Geräte erwartet. McKinsey beziffert den entsprechenden Markt für 2025 auf 11 Billionen US-$. Schon heute gibt es eine Vielzahl von Anbietern und Plattformen, die mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Kernkompetenzen einen Einstieg in das Themenfeld IoT bieten. Um Unternehmen spezifische Lösungen für deren konkrete Anwendungs- und Geschäftsprozesse zu bieten, gilt es die verschiedene Plattformen mehrwertbringend zu verknüpfen und so ein integriertes Gesamtsystem bereitzustellen. Eine vielversprechende Lösung für diese Problemstellung bietet die Cloud to Cloud Integration zwischen den verschiedenen Anbietern und Plattformen. Um das Thema Cloud to Cloud Integration im IoT Umfeld genauer zu beleuchten, arbeitet dieser Artikel zunächst die aktuelle Situation auf dem Markt der IoT Plattformen auf. Diese Analyse, ergänzt um Experteninterviews, bildet die Basis der Anforderungen und Eigenschaften einer erfolgreichen Integration. Davon ausgehend beschreibt dieser Artikel erst ein Soll-Konzept und darauf folgend einen technischen Realisierungsansatz. Die ermittelten Anforderungen und Eigenschaften sowie das erarbeitete Konzept und die Architektur werden dann hinsichtlich des wirtschaftlichen Nutzens und Herausforderungen für Betreiber und Kunden einer solchen Integration diskutiert. Abgeschlossen wird der Artikel durch eine Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse und einen kurzen Ausblick, welcher auch zukünftig mögliche Standards aufgreift. Internet of Things is an important building block enabling digital transformation of companies and it is a strongly growing market. Between 2015–2025 IHS Technology expects an increase by factor five up to 75 billion IoT devices. McKinsey quantifies the economic impact of IoT by 11 trillion US-$ in 2025. Even today there are multiple vendors and platforms, which have different core competences and offer an easy access to IoT. To provide specific software solutions to support use cases and business processes of companies with IoT, a value adding connection of different platforms resulting into one integrated end-to-end system must be implement. A Cloud to Cloud Integration between different vendors and platforms with complementary competences, is a promising approach to solve this challenge. In order to build a deeper understanding of Cloud to Cloud Integrations around IoT, this article examines the current situation on the market of IoT platforms. This analysis joint with expert interviews are the baseline for requirements and properties of such an integration. On that basis this article describes a conceptual structure and a technical realization approach. Afterwards, the specified requirements as well as concept and architecture are discussed regarding economic benefits and challenges for vendors and customers of such an integration. Finally, the article summarizes the results and provides a short outlook, which also contains possible standards for the future of IoT.
  • Textdokument
    Combined Certificate and Resource Discovery for Dynamically (Dis-)Aggregating IoT Processes
    (INFORMATIK 2020, 2021) Engelhardt, Frank; Güneş, Mesut
    The concepts of Microservices and Organic Computing contribute to a fully distributed architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT), avoiding single points of failure through massive service distribution. The distribution and the lack of structure, however, come with large communication overheads. We discuss the necessity of structure in IoT networks focusing on the problem of trust handling, specifically analyzing the certificate chain discovery problem. Moreover, we provide an argument towards solving the certificate chain discovery problem in the same manner as the service discovery problem in a combined, semi-structured approach. By numerical analysis we show that the introduction of a hierarchy can avoid scalability problems and that resource directories used for service discovery can serve as hierarchical entities.
  • Konferenzbeitrag
    Combining the Concepts of Semantic Data Integration and Edge Computing
    (INFORMATIK 2019: 50 Jahre Gesellschaft für Informatik – Informatik für Gesellschaft, 2019) Farnbauer-Schmidt, Matthias; Lindner, Julian; Kaffenberger, Christopher; Albrecht, Jens
    The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing rapidly. Therefore, there are more and more vendors, which led to IoT being a heterogeneous collection of different IoT platforms, isolated solutions and several protocols. It has been proposed to use Data Integration to overcome this heterogeneity. In addition, costs are on the raise due to increasing volume of data which increases demands on bandwidth and cloud computing capabilities. Again a solution has already been proposed by reducing the amount of data to forward by processing data at the edge of an IoT-System, e. g. filtering or aggregation. This concept is called Edge Computing. In this article the Semantic Edge Computing Runtime (SECR) is introduced, combining both concepts. The application of Data Integration enables Edge Computing to be performed on a higher level of abstraction. In addition, the developed Driver-approach allows SECR’s Data Integration algorithm to be applied to a wide range of data sources without imposing requirements on them. The Data Integration itself is based on technologies of Semantic Web, applying metadata to raw data giving it context for interpretation. Furthermore, SECR’s REST-API enables applications to alternate Data Integration and Edge Computing at runtime. The tests of SECR’s prototype implementation have shown its suitability for deployment on an edge device and its scalability, being able to handle 128 data sources and Edge Computing Tasks.
  • Textdokument
    A Comparison of Payment Schemes for the IoT
    (Open Identity Summit 2017, 2017) Bohli, Jens-Matthias; Dietrich, Aljoscha; Petrlic, Ronald; Sorge, Christoph
    Technologies for the IoT have reached a high level of maturity, and a large-scale deployment will soon be possible. For the IoT to become an economic success, easy access to all kinds of real-world information must be enabled. Assuming that not all services will be available for free, an IoT infrastructure should support access control, accounting, and billing. We analyze available access control and payment schemes for their potential as payment schemes in the IoT. In addition to security and privacy, we discuss suitability for direct client to sensor communication and efficiency. We show shortcomings of existing protocols that need to be addressed by future research.