Heckeler, PatrickBehrend, JörgRuf, JürgenKropf, ThomasRosenstiel, WolfgangWeiss, Roland2023-03-202023-03-202011https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/40960This article presents an instrumentation-free runtime verification methodology built upon an external observer which uses DWARF1 -statements to monitor system behavior. The observer delivers information about variable values used for state-encoding and method calls representing transitions. These information are passed to an engine which parses the system specification in terms of a UML statechart. It is transformed into an executable automaton which acts as a golden reference for equivalence checking. The presented approach makes it possible to perform verification directly on the target architecture and keeps up test significance by avoiding modification of the executable caused by injected monitors or other code probesenText/Journal Article0720-8928