Janssenswillen, GertDepaire, Benoît2019-12-132019-12-1320192019http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12599-018-0567-8https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/30646The focus in the field of process mining, and process discovery in particular, has thus far been on exploring and describing event data by the means of models. Since the obtained models are often directly based on a sample of event data, the question whether they also apply to the real process typically remains unanswered. As the underlying process is unknown in real life, there is a need for unbiased estimators to assess the system-quality of a discovered model, and subsequently make assertions about the process. In this paper, an experiment is described and discussed to analyze whether existing fitness, precision and generalization metrics can be used as unbiased estimators of system fitness and system precision. The results show that important biases exist, which makes it currently nearly impossible to objectively measure the ability of a model to represent the system.Confirmatory data analysisExploratory data analysisFitnessGeneralizationPrecisionProcess discoveryProcess miningProcess qualityText/Journal Article10.1007/s12599-018-0567-81867-0202