Auflistung Environmental Informatics 1999 nach Erscheinungsdatum
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- KonferenzbeitragIntegration dynamischer Atmosphärenmodelle mit einem (3+1)-dimensionalen objektorientierten GISKern(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Becker, Ludger; Bernard, Lars; Döllner, Jürgen; Hammelbeck, Stefan; Hinrichs, Klaus H.; Krüger, Thomas; Schmidt, Benno; Streit, UlrichEfforts to integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and environmental simulation models often fail due to the structure of current GIS which do not meet the requirements of complex numerical simulation techniques. Therefore research in the field of environmental modeling focuses on adequate flexible simulation methods and powerful interoperable GIS interfaces to implement these methods. This paper shows approaches towards an interoperable object-oriented GIS interface for atmospheric modeling and analysis. The architecture and specifics of a first prototype system, called AtmoGIS, are presented.
- KonferenzbeitragParallel Approach to the Simulation Of Forest Fire Propagation(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Jorba, Josep; Margalef, Tomas; Luque, Emilio; da Silva André, Jorge Campos; Viegas, Domingos XavierForest fire is one of the most critical environmental risks in all the Mediterranean Countries. The fight against these emergencies requires useful tools to predict the propagation and behaviour of forest fire in order to take the best decisions. It means it is necessary to know the propagation and behaviour of the forest fire in advance to act in the best possible way. However, this is a complex problem that requires high performance computing capabilities to provide accurate results faster than real time. High performance computing, mainly parallel and distributed systems, provide the computing capabilities to solve this problem in a reasonable time. In this work we present a parallel approach to simulate the forest fire propagation.
- KonferenzbeitragInteraktionsstrategien für digitale Bodenkarten(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Kübler, StefanieConverting analogue soil maps into digital maps offers new possibilities for soil scientific working methods. In Geoinformationsystems (GIS) a database can be build up by relating map objects to their attributes. However, the best database is useless if it does not provide the enduser with an easy-to-use interface to the available information. In order to gain insight in users' needs, interviews have been made with geologists of different disciplines. The output has been used to design tools for the interaction between users and digital soil maps. Objectives, concepts and methods have been tested using a prototype which was developed using the GIS environment ArcView from ESRI. Tools for visualization and analysis of the database has been implemented. Tests with various types of users have shown that the prototype matches their expectations and serves as a good basis for further development work. In this paper, we report about tools which have been especially implemented to support the preparation of environmental impact assessments.
- KonferenzbeitragMELINDA - Ein multimediales Leitund Informationssystem für Deponien und Altlasten(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Benner, Joachim; Leinemann, Klaus; Ludwig, Arnold; Weber, AngelikaThe information system MELINDA is designed to process all types of data relevant for the management of contaminated sites and waste dumps. This comprises geographical information (vector data, raster images), geological, geochemical and hydrological data, CAD data, and measurement results. Different types of information are integrated into a consistent data model of the site. For this, MELINDA supports some important GIS and CAD interface formats. Interactive modelling tools (e.g. for generating geological strata from borehole data) are also provided. A fully three-dimensional visualisation of the MELINDA-model enables spatial access to the whole data-base and supports its interactive exploration for application specific interpretation and evaluation of the data. The paper describes concept and architecture of the information system and reports on the modules which have already been implemented.
- KonferenzbeitragUmweltmanagementinformationssysteme: Der Arbeitsplatz(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Arndt, Hans-Knud; Fugmann, Thomas; Günther, OliverMany organizations have a range of existing environmental software systems. An environmental management information system (EMIS) should be able to integrate these existing systems. Our EMIS Desktop is an interface that enables users to register and access the existing and relevant environmental software. The registration information is formatted in the Extensible Markup Language (XML). The EcoExplorer and the EcoThesaurus are services which are embedded in the EMIS Desktop. The EcoThesaurus is a search tool that helps users in localizing and retrieving relevant environmental information. The EcoThesaurus offers retrieval and visualizing functionality concerning the data in the environmental management thesaurus.
- KonferenzbeitragHypermedia im Umweltschutz Erfahrungen aus dem Arbeitskreis(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Riekert, Wolf Fritz; Tochtermann, KlausDer Arbeitskreis „Hypermedia im Umweltschutz“ wurde Anfang 1998 aus den Fachgruppen 4.6.1 „Informatik im Umweltschutz“ und 4.9.1 „Hypertextsysteme“ der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) heraus gegründet. Mit diesem Beitrag wird über den Stand der Technik auf dem Gebiet „Hypermedia im Umweltschutz“ berichtet und eine Übersicht über einschlägige Arbeiten gegeben. Dies geschieht am Beispiel von Projekten und Entwicklungen, die in den Workshops des Arbeitskreises präsentiert wurden.
- KonferenzbeitragBUIS der 2. Generation von funktionalen Lösungen zur Prozessintegration(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Kürzl, Hans
- KonferenzbeitragA Knowledgebase system approach — Integrated Assessment of Mechanised Harvesting Operation on Forest Environment(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Zhangren, LanDue to rapidly increasing mechanised timber harvesting operation in commercial forest, new and increasing pressures are being brought to bear on environment issues. Estimating the environmental risk of timber harvesting operations plays an important role in selecting suitable machines of harvesting system on wood procurement chain in environmental-oriented procedure. It is obvious that main impacts of harvesting operations concentrate on the soil compaction, site disturbances and biological damage. From the view point of pre-operational damage risk evaluation, the relevance of soil compaction and other consequences derived from harvesting operation is not directly from the results of associated changes of the soil properties but rather from the environmental and technical parameters of harvesting machine which are defined in the methods of harvesting with specific operational modes and type of machine. In this paper, a knowledge-base system (KBS) approach in co-operation with a fuzzy integrated assessment was developed for pre-operational evaluation of timber harvesting activities. The critical factors concerning the damage risk of harvesting operations to forest target area were extracted, evaluated, weighted and encoded into the knowledge-base system based on topographical conditions of forest area, machine parameters, harvesting system types and so on concerning harvesting operation as following: • Ground slopes and slope capacity of machine: ground slope is one of the critical factors that identify the operability of individual machine and harvesting system in a give condition. The slope capacity of machine to some extent means for machine to be operated efficiently at the productivity, cost, and less impacts of operations. • Soil condition and ground strength: the soil characteristic is a main factor for defining the trafficability of the machine and risk of various damages to the soil at the time of traffic. Generally, ground conditions worsen, wider range of machine traffic capacity should be taken into consideration for the choice of machines and their equipment. • Logging patterns and machine size: machine size to a large extent identifies the ground pressure of machine and risks of various damages to the soil and remaining trees in thinning operation. Defining the parameters of machine size could induce the extent of environmental consequence dominating concerns of damage to soil and remaining trees in given logging pattern. • Harvesting method and machine types: three types of harvesting system, i.e. cut-to-length, tree-length, and whole tree system corresponding to harvesting methods and machines applied determine the types and extent of environmental consequences, which are indicated by the machine performance varying with the logging patterns from thinning to final cutting. • Machine productivity and operating cost: there might be some extent of conflict among the machine productivity, costs effectiveness and forest damage risk. Machine to be operated in the most-efficient way implies larger machine employed and less restricted impact of harvesting operation. There might be a compromise required between maximising financial benefit and minimising site damage. • Operational modes: harvesting and forwarding with the crane work operated at wider spacing cause much of damage to trees; direct dragging and winching are often more dangerous for the standing trees; skidding and feller-bunching will disturb more area, incurring more damage risk to stands. • Ground pressure of harvesting machine: maximum site protection would require low ground pressure. Machinery with low ground pressure could greatly reduce the extent of damage to the forest floor. • Tyre types and tracks: the extensive disturbance indicated with the rut depth depends strongly upon the types, size and inflation pressure of tyres besides the ground pressure of machine. Wider tyres or tracks facilitate efficiently to reduce soil damage and rut depth. The values of those variables concerning forest machine performance and environmental parameters are converted into a scaling system in numerical way. Fuzzy method involved in pre-operational evaluation of timber harvesting is employed to integrating assessment and analysis based on critical factors and machine performance level indicated with index method of harvesting operation. The purpose of KBS is to provide the knowledge that can evaluate environmental issues, and interpret its generated output. In the case of the machine pre-operational assessment, potential risk of harvesting operations is primary goal to be specified through the inference engine of knowledge-base system. Further more, the management objective of timber harvesting operations will be reached by examining rules and executing special 483 search, which then provided the recommendations for suitable choice of sound environmental harvesting machines. The window-based application of pre-operational evaluation system was built with Borland Delphi development tool. Friendly user interface environment is suitable for users to control data input and output. The output data could be extended to various kinds of timber harvesting planning and management of environment-oriented procedure at company level.
- KonferenzbeitragAUDIS: Informations und Managementsystem für den betrieblichen Arbeits und Umweltschutz(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Hagel, Harald; Chudalla, Andreas
- KonferenzbeitragIntegrierter Zugriff auf heterogene paläoökologische Datenbestände(Umweltinformatik ’99 - Umweltinformatik zwischen Theorie und Industrieanwendung, 1999) Bergmann, Andreas; Gärtner, Holger; Breunig, Martin; Cremers, Armin B.; Dikau, RichardDatenbestände in den Geowissenschaften zeichnen sich durch unterschiedliche Anforderungen der einzelnen Fachrichtungen aus. Dies bezieht sich sowohl auf verwendete Datentypen als auch auf Formate. Aus der fortschreitenden Technisierung der Datenerfassung und Entwicklung neuer Methoden resultiert eine schnell wachsende Datenmenge, die in sehr heterogener Form vorgehalten wird. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt wesentliche Komponenten eines Systems, das den Zugriff auf heterogene, verteilte Datenbestände unterstützt. Die vorgestellte Client/Server Architektur unterstützt dabei zwei Dimensionen von Erweiterbarkeit. Auf der einen Seite besteht die Möglichkeit, neue Datenquellen mittels objektorientierter Modellierung der jeweils vorhandenen Daten zu erschließen. Auf der anderen Seite können dem Anwender geeignete interaktive Explorationswerkzeuge für neu hinzukommende Datentypen zur Verfügung gestellt werden.