P206 - EMISA 2012 - Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung
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- KonferenzbeitragA UML extension for modeling break-glass policies(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Schefer-Wenzl, Sigrid; Strembeck, MarkIn emergency situations, certain subjects sometimes have to perform important tasks although they are usually not authorized to perform these tasks. Break-glass policies have been introduced as a sophisticated exception handling mechanism to resolve such situations. They enable selected subjects to break or override the standard access control policies of an information system in a controlled manner. However, modeling support for break-glass policies is largely missing. In this paper, we present an approach to provide modeling support for break-glass policies in the context of process-related RBAC models. In particular, we provide a UML2 extension that allows for the integrated modeling of processes and break-glass policies. Additional constraints are formally specified via OCL. We also implemented our approach as an extension to the BusinessActivity library and runtime engine. The source code of our implementation is available for download.
- KonferenzbeitragTimeline visualization for documenting process model change(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Kabicher-Fuchs, Sonja; Kriglstein, Simone; Figl, KathrinOrganizations need to deal with change in order to remain competitive in a dynamic, global business world. When business processes need to be redesigned, it often remains unclear why a process evolved to its current form. Against this background, process change documentations can be helpful in order to illustrate and capture change information. The main purpose of this paper is to expand our understanding on how to visualize process change information and to explore the concept of timeline visualization for this application area. Using an expert inspection approach, we first identify shortcomings of existing timeline tools in meeting visualization requirements of business process change. We propose a conceptual design for change visualization using timelines that aims to support a contextual, temporal and comprehensive documentation of business process model changes.
- KonferenzbeitragOptional activities in process flows(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Natschläger, Christine; Geist, Verena; Kossak, Felix; Freudenthaler, BernhardA drawback of many business process modelling languages (BPMLs) is that modalities are implicitly expressed through the structure of the process flow. All activities are implicitly mandatory and whenever something should be optional, the process flow is split to offer the possibility to execute the activity or to do nothing. This implies that the decision whether to execute one or more activities is described within another element, such as a gateway. The separation of decision and execution requires additional modelling elements and a comprehensive understanding of the entire process to identify mandatory and optional activities. In this paper, we address the problem and present an approach to highlight optionality in BPMLs based on the Control-Flow Patterns. Furthermore, we study the semantics of explicitly optional activities and show how to apply the general approach to a concrete BPML like the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). An explicitly optional activity is deemed to be more intuitive and also positively affects the structural complexity and the understandability of the process flow as shown by a graph transformation approach and a case study.
- KonferenzbeitragGrundlegende Überlegungen zum optimalen Detaillierungsgrad von Geschäftsprozessmodellen(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Termer, Frank; Nissen, Volker; Wessels, SvenDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit einigen grundsätzlichen Überlegungen im Vorfeld der Definition adäquater Detaillierungsgrade von Geschäftsprozessmodellen für unterschiedliche Modellierungszwecke. Dabei stehen Fragen zum Verständnis des Detaillierungsbegriffes, Einflussfaktoren auf den zweckmäßigen Detaillierungsgrad sowie ein mögliches Bewertungsschema der Modelldetaillierung im Fokus. Diese Grundlagen sollen helfen, im nächsten Schritt adäquate Detaillierungsgrade in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Zweck der Prozessmodellierung zu finden.
- KonferenzbeitragKey information requirements for process audits – an expert perspective(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Schultz, Martin; Mueller-Wickop, Niels; Nüttgens, MarkusIn the audit domain it is agreed that a comprehensive understanding of business processes is crucial for the effectiveness and efficiency of internal and external audits on financial reporting or regulatory compliance. However, a review of current modeling methods revealed that domain specific concepts are not comprehensively supported and only little empirical research has been performed on what modeling concepts are required to support an understanding of business processes from an audit perspective. For this reason, we conducted 17 semistructured expert interviews to reconstruct key concepts of the audit domain especially focusing on process audits. As a result we present twelve relevant audit concepts and their relations in a concept map. Unlike for concepts, the expert understanding of concept relations was quite diverse. We interpret this result as an indication of complexity for the topic in focus. The presented concept map is a first step towards a domain specific modeling language.
- KonferenzbeitragSelecting event monitoring points for optimal prediction quality(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Rogge-Solti, Andreas; Herzberg, Nico; Pufahl, LuiseOrganizations strive to optimize their business processes in order to satisfy customer requirements and internal goals. A basic necessity in order to meet time and quality objectives is to monitor an organization's business processes. Process monitoring makes their execution more transparent and allows to react to observed deviations with corrective actions. This paper focuses on monitoring processes in manual or semi-automatic environments, where the installation of each monitoring point is costly, as it requires effort to measure and record observed progress. During process execution, the allocation of event monitoring points (EMPs) is restricted to certain positions, e.g., the termination of activities. We propose an approach for optimizing the allocation model of EMPs in order to improve the estimation quality. We implemented this approach and show its applicability in a case study of a Dutch hospital for its surgical care process.
- KonferenzbeitragHow to choose the right BPM tool: A maturity-centric decision framework with a case evaluation in the European market(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Hahn, Christopher; Winkler, Till J.; Friedrich, Fabian; Tamm, Gerrit; Petruch, KonstantinThe enabling role of technology for effective business process management (BPM) is not being doubted. However, finding the right tool that suits a company's specific requirements is usually a challenging task. This paper presents a novel decision framework for the critical assessment of BPM tools which maps company requirements to different levels of BPM maturity and thus aims to be applicable in various organizational contexts. The framework includes emerging BPM features such as sophisticated process simulation capabilities and the support of common IT reference models and is complemented by a decision model which provides for complex preferences and uncertainty throughout the assessment process. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed artefact by the case of a tool selection at a major telecommunications company and a survey-based analysis of 19 BPM tool vendors in the European market.
- KonferenzbeitragThe projected TAR and its application to conformance checking(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Prescher, Johannes; Weidlich, Matthias; Mendling, JanRelational semantics of business process models have seen an uptake in various fields of application. As a prominent example, the Transition Adjacency Relation (TAR) has been used, for instance, to conduct conformance checking and similarity assessment. TAR is defined over the complete set of transitions of a Petri net and induces order dependencies between pairs of them. In this paper, we consider TAR in a more general setting, in which the order dependencies shall be derived only for a subset of projected transitions. We show how to derive this projected variant of TAR from the reachability graph of a reduced Petri net. We elaborate the projected TAR for conformance checking in a case from industry.
- KonferenzbeitragWorkflow charts and their semantics using abstract state machines(EMISA 2012 – Der Mensch im Zentrum der Modellierung, 2012) Kopetzky, Theodorich; Geist, VerenaWorkflow charts are a novel way to describe business processes and a way of putting more emphasis on the human-computer interaction. They introduce a typed approach to workflow specification in order to improve flexibility in business process technology by proposing a concept for integrating workflow definition and dialogue programming, being also open to business process modelling. Although their precursor has its semantic specification based on Unified Modelling Language semantics, workflow charts currently lack a complete formal semantic specification. Instead of enhancing the Unified Modelling Language semantics, the approach of specifying the semantics of workflow charts using the formalism of Abstract State Machines has been chosen. The resulting description provides a precise operational semantics.