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- KonferenzbeitragiSTORM – Idea and Reference Architecture approaching Inter-organisational sustainability Reporting(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Solsbach, Andreas; Isenmann, Ralf; Marx Gómez, JorgeThe paper describes an approach for inter-organisational sustainability reporting. This approach is based on an open source software tool “Sustainable Online Reporting Model” developed at the University of Oldenburg. The idea of sustainability reporting across a single reporting entity like a company originated from the field of financial reporting. Later on Kasperzak (2003) presented an approach in which a network of corporations is treated as a single economic entity with the aim to get an extended consolidated financial statement. This approach is considered to fuel current discussions in sustainability reporting around issues like: Where to set reporting boundaries and how to enlarge reporting entities. This paper is research in progress. First, the idea of inter-organisational sustainability reporting is presented. The focus here is to enlarge reporting boundaries to an inter-organisational entity and to create a sustainability report covering an inter-organisational perspective. Such report from a collective perspective opens a window of new opportunities and provides added value compared to current sustainability reports of single entities. Second, a reference architecture for an “Inter-organisational Sustainable Online Reporting Model” is proposed.
- KonferenzbeitragPredictive models of forest development in Slovenia(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Debeljak, Marko; Ženko, Bernard; Poljanec, AlešKeywords: predictive clustering trees, forest development, growing stock
- KonferenzbeitragParticipatory approaches to light pollution mitigation: a case history from Italy(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Giacomelli, Andrea; Giubbilini, Francesco; Lombardelli, Simona; Costa, Stefano; Delucchi, LucaLight pollution represents a global environmental issue which is currently less acknowledged than other forms of pollution, while having direct negative consequences on energy consumption, human health, fauna, flora, and safety. Solutions to mitigate light pollution from existing lighting systems, or to design new light pollutionfree systems can be clearly identified based on a review of available technologies and regulations. However, an actual change in the approach to light pollution is yet to happen. One of the approaches to this problem in Italy has been represented by the BuioMetria Partecipativa (participatory dark sky monitoring) project, an original initiative now in its fourth year. This project provides an original combination of information techno logies, environmental monitoring techniques, and communication, oriented to the collection of scientific light pollution data, and to awareness raising of citizens on this issue. The article provides a basic description of this project and of its planned developments at the national and European level.
- KonferenzbeitragData Management in the Coastal Observing System COSYNA(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Breitbach, Gisbert; Krasemann, Hajo
- KonferenzbeitragEEA and Linked Environment Data - A status report(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Roug, SoerenEEA and Linked Environment Data A status report Søren Roug1 1. Transforming Reportnet When the SEIS initiative was launched in 2008 one big question for EEA was how it would affect the Reportnet system. On the surface, with its centralisation, Reportnet seemed to be the antithesis of the SEIS principles. Nevertheless, we started to analyse what would be needed to transform Reportnet into a decentralised SEIS compliant system. It became clear that reporters making deliveries to Reportnet is only part of the pipeline. Beforehand comes a lengthy process of agreeing to what data to collect and what data format to use between countries and the requester. Deciding where to place it is just a tiny part. It doesn’t really matter whether the dataset is stored at the country or at EEA. What matters is that these datasets are made to order, i.e. the idea of multiple use is already compromised. In that respect they are more like intermediate calculations than the end result. But what about all the data the countries have available, but they are not required to deliver to any supra-governmental body? If the countries could somehow publish it with little effort, then EEA could collect that data and not request Reportnet deliveries. The main problem is that there is no useful format to deliver in. INSPIRE has GML and PNG formats. The only equivalents for tabular data are office formats. In our world, where we have to merge data from 30 sources and often combine it with other data, office formats such as CSV and Excel entail lots of manual labour. If the countries start to post data in comma separated values (CSV) and Excel formats for data that would in earlier times be Reportnet deliveries, then SEIS wouldn’t be progress! On a parallel track we also worked on how to merge the current Reportnet deliveries and require less manual labour to do it. We settled on converting XML to RDF because RDF can hold any format.
- KonferenzbeitragToward a quality aware SDI to assess agricultural water consumption(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Beaufils, Mickael; Follin, Jean-MichelClimate change and its impact on water resources is a hot topic, especially in the Mediterranean basin. To deal with this issue, the VULCAIN project provides an integrated assessment of the consequences of several climatic and socioeconomic scenarios on the water supplies. Our project aim to continue the work realized during this project by conceiving a quality aware Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) dedicated to water resources assessment. This SDI will provide functionalities adapted to every kind of users: resources assessment for water experts, decision support for regional politicians, and general information for the general public. In this paper, we make a focus on the part dedicated to water experts, and more exactly the estimation of the agricultural water requirements. Basic principles of the modeling are explained, as well as the architecture of our SDI. This one relies on combination and chaining of Open Geospatial (OGC) web services, which are used to provide both data and processes. We also deal with data quality. Our aim is to provide a quality aware SDI that indicates the reliability of the results obtained within the SDI. A typology of biases that can affect the model is exposed. As well, simple sensitivity analysis methods to estimate the impact of those biases on the results are described and illustrated by an example.
- KonferenzbeitragLarge scale GMO cultivation assessment: Tools for monitoring and modelling potential GMO impacts(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Schmidt, Gunther; Breckling, Broder; Kleppin, Lukas; Schröder, WinfriedLaboratory development and field testing of genetically modified organisms (GMO) precede admission and commercial use. When entering agricultural application, implications on landscape level and regional level become more relevant. However, approaches to assess large-scale effects are still discussed in science, administration, and in agricultural management. To a relevant extent it is still open, how effects of large scale effects can be reasonably considered in risk analysis during the approval procedure, and efficiently be monitored during commercial use of GMO. Hence, the joint research project “GeneRisk” – funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research – investigated systemic risks which could emerge in the course of large-scale cultivation of GMO. One central issue was to develop a web-based geographical information system (WebGIS) to analyse the feasibility of coexistence regulations with conventional / organic agriculture and exposition intensity of areas reserved for nature conservation. The software architecture was entirely based on Open Source software: The Apache webserver handles client-server communication, geodata were stored in the database management system PostgreSQL, and mapping of geodata was realised by using the Mapbender Client Suite. Since in Germany no nationwide dataset on field geometries and cultivation patterns are available, additionally, a remote sensing algorithm was developed to detect maize fields by classifying images from two satellites: 1) IRS P6 LISS-III (multispectral, 20 x 20 m²) distributed by EUROMAP, and 2) RapidEye (multispectral, 5x5 m²). The classification results for three federal states differing in field geometries and cultivation densities were evaluated using ground truth data and census data on district scale provided by the Federal Statistical Office in Germany. Based on these data on the spatial distribution of maize fields, the potential hybridisation rates were calculated using the software “MaMo” which was developed in the course of the “GeneRisk” project. Different cultivation scenarios were applied simulating both different shares of GM maize and conventional maize fields and different isolation distances separating GMO and conventional maize cultivation. The model applications revealed that even small shares of 10 % GM maize fields in some regions may result in relevant contamination rates at conventional maize. Above a labelling threshold of 0.9 % conventional harvests must be labelled as GM maize. The calculations showed that hybridisation rates depend on both the number and size of source and receptor fields and isolation distances defined for coexistence of GM and conventional maize fields. As a preliminary result it was substantiated, that in regions with high cultivation density and small field sizes the isolation distance of 150 m as set in the cultivation best practice guidelines would not be efficient to prevent gene flow above the labelling threshold.
- KonferenzbeitragEnvironmental impact assessment of electricity production by photovoltaic system using GEOSS recommendations on interoperability(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Menard, Lionel; Gschwind, Benoît; Blanc, Isabelle; Beloin-Saint-Pierre, Didier; Wald, Lucien; Blanc, Philippe; Ranchin, Thierry; Hischier, Roland; Gianfranceschi, Simone; Smolders, Steven; Gilles, Marc; Grassin, CyrilWithin the Architecture Implementation Pilot (AIP-3) of GEOSS, we have developed a scenario called “environmental impact assessment of the production, transportation and use of energy for the photovoltaic (PV) sector through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)”. It aims at providing decision-makers and policy-planners with reliable and geo-localized knowledge of several impacts induced by various technologies of the PV sector. The scenario is implemented in the GEOSS Common Infrastructure (GCI) and benefits from the GEOSS interoperability arrangements. The FP7-co-funded EnerGEO project provides a GEOSS compliant Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW) that permits to discover the Web Processing Service (WPS) allowing computation of the environmental impact. A WebGIS client provided by the FP7-co-funded GENESIS platform allows users to interact with geospatial data and computation processes. This scenario has proven to be an efficient tool to disseminate knowledge on environmental impacts related to PV because of the GEOSS capabilities in interoperability.
- KonferenzbeitragExploiting the Potential of Environmental Information Systems for Risk, Crisis and Environmental Management Applications(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Usländer, Thomas; Batz, ThomasTraditionally, Environmental Information Systems (EIS) allow the user to store, query and process environmental information and visualize it in thematic maps, diagrams and reports. However, there is a trend that, beyond their fundamental role in the monitoring and assessment of the environmental situation, EIS are increasingly used in practice to support higher-level management tasks. Examples of this next step are management systems to accompany environmental measures (e.g. planning and operation of flood retention areas), applications to assess environmental and technological risks as well as emergency and crisis management systems. This paper discusses this trend from the design and architectural perspective. It describes how EIS software architectures have been adapted to changing demands concerning the integration of thematic domains, the distribution to user communities and the functional enhancements. Furthermore, recognizing the established paradigm of service-orientation, it argues for using a serviceoriented analysis and design methodology and presents the SERVUS methodology. The paper concludes with an outlook how the design of EIS may be influenced by using generic and environmental enablers of the Future Internet.
- KonferenzbeitragFootprinted.org: experiences from using linked open data for environmental impact information(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Zapico, Jorge Luis; Sayan, Bianca; Bonanni, Leonardo; Turpeinen, Marko; Young, SteveSustainability science relies heavily on information (Allenby 2000, 2006). And as sustainability is gaining weight in decision-making, good and accessible environmental information is needed (Goleman 2009). This is true both at an institutional level, like when deciding the materials for building a product, and at a personal level, deciding between chicken and salmon at the supermarket. However, most of the environmental information is closed, based on proprietary software, expensive or in text documents that are not possible to process. We believe that it is necessary to bring open data concepts from the web to environmental impact information (Davis et al, 2010; Zapico et al, 2010). This would increase transparency, openness, and make it easier to create sustainability services on top of the data. Exploring these ideas we have created Footprinted1, a web service that is trying to solve these problems by opening up the information using linked data, focusing in life cycle assessment information. This article presents the finished application, the experiences developing it, and the first usages.