Auflistung Environmental Informatics 2011 nach Erscheinungsdatum
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- KonferenzbeitragDynamical Surveying Adjustments for Crowd-sourced Data Observations(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Pawlowicz, Sergiusz; Leibovici, Didier; Heines-Young, Roy; Saull, Richard; Jackson, MikeAdvances in positioning, imaging, location-based services capabilities, and broadband connectivity enable public participation in environmental monitoring and decision making in a manner previously only possible for professional scientists. Data collected by volunteers has long been an important factor in environmental programmes, but the difficulties in applying quality control measures and in ensuring an appropriate sample size of observations for a given area limit their scientific value. This paper addresses this challenge in describing a surveying architecture, allowing efficient in-field data collection from a GPS enabled ubiquitous device. The originality of this architecture comes from a real-time analysis of surveyed responses in order to “drive” the survey for optimised precision and validity. Spatial awareness from the surveying engine allows one to modify the sets of questions for each surveyor volunteer as the survey goes along, and even to try to recruit volunteers in the area. As a result this architecture is able to support the implementation of a dynamic and directed approach to in-field data collection with real-time quality control driven by an adaptive surveying modelling technique insuring optimised data collection and personalised feedback to users. A plug-in architecture gives the possibility to extend using RSS, Twitter and Mappiness data sources, with other real time feeds, then allowing the adaptive surveying engine to use multilevel multi-sourced sets of information. The paper describes this conceptual architecture and a technical solution for its implementation, independent of the mobile hardware producer, tablets, smart phones, netbooks, laptops, in order to allow the widest public participation opportunity possible. The implementation was tested on Google Android and Apple iPhone devices with a use case coming from the Tranquillity Report of the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE).
- KonferenzbeitragLinking PCF, LCA and ecodesign – A practical approach for the food sector(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Schiesser, Philippe; Teixeira, Ricardo; Himeno, Anne; Southwood, AndrewProduct Carbon Footprint (PCF) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for food and agriculture products is becoming more mainstream as more companies adopt and integrate the process. On the one hand, food products have one of the largest shares of carbon emissions. On the other hand, primary production sectors feel the effects of climate change before any others, in price and availability of inputs, in soil and water quality, and in yields. In response, PCF studies are progressively being integrated in companies’ day-to-day activities. Reducing the footprint of products can, however, be costly. First, assessing the impacts of products can be time and resource consuming. For this reason, it’s important to start simple and use screening tools providing insights on hotspots and chain management. In this paper, we discuss how PCF and LCA are being used by companies in the agri-food sector to turn the issue of sustainability around. Instead of being a cost-inducing burden, sustainability can be a profit-driving activity for business. To support this conclusion, we present different improvement scenarios studied for an agri-food company. We show how LCA-oriented changes in ingredients, packaging and energy use in food products can provide companies with win-win improvements to their operations.
- KonferenzbeitragLeveraging the Future Internet - Public Private Partnership for the Environmental Usage Area(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Havlik, Denis; Schade, Sven; van Wijk, Wout; Usländer, Thomas; Hierro, JuanjoIn order to address part of today’s grand scientific challenges and political agendas related to future Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the Information Society and Media Directorate General of the European Commission provided a novel scheme for innovation projects funded by the European Commission: the Future Internet Public-Private-Partnership (FI-PPP) as part of the Seventh Framework Programme for research and technological development. Eleven projects addressing the first of three intended program phases have been launched in Spring 2011. They comprise a large project dedicated to core Future Internet (FI) technology that is called FI-WARE; eight Usage Area projects, which deal with the requirement capture and functional component specifications of diverse application domains of the FI; and two support actions, one for capacity building, the other for collaboration support within and beyond the FI-PPP Programme. This paper explains the inner workings of the FI-PPP Programme, especially in relation to the Environmental Usage Area project, called ENVIROFI. This paper explains the overall relevance of the FI-PPP in terms of future eEnvironment services and Public Sector Information in Europe. It also outlines how the required contributions to the FI will be implemented, especially by detailing the interaction between ENVIROFI and FI-WARE. An outlook to a possible future of environmental ICT in Europe is included.
- KonferenzbeitragAnalysis and visualization of material flows in the manufacturing process of computer hardware and their geographical aspects(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Kolley, Nadine; Rechenbach, HenryThis project visualizes the life cycle of a computer in an interactive application. It is focused in detail on the different parts of the manufacturing process of computer hardware such as raw materials production, manufacturing and export. The geographical information of these facts is shown on a Google Map. The ambition of our project is that the user of this application determines global relations of the IT-production on his own.
- KonferenzbeitragA Virtual Research Environment for Long-Term Monitoring of a Waste Deposit with Free and Open Source Software(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Filetti, Mirko; Gnauck, AlbrechtEnvironmental management projects are carried out by ecologists and engineers. The practical work is often supported by interdisciplinary research groups from different institutions which are responsible for the development of monitoring and data handling programs. The outcomes of these programs will be heavily influenced by various research philosophies and sampling strategies. This leads not only to different data bases, but also to incomparable spatiotemporal data sets. To combine the information on individuals, chemical substances and other biotic and abiotic materials as well as socio-economic data a virtual research environment (VRE) concerning environmental management has to be worked out. Facilities of data sharing, interactive data collaboration and storage, and communication procedures by metadata are in the focus of a VRE. It has to be optimized by Web 2.0 and other collaboration tools. From this background, the FOSS application “GeoNetwork – Opensource” (GNOS) is aimed to be used as a central component for data management in a VRE. Based on international standards, GNOS includes interoperability, metadata and geographical references as well as user groups with different authorisation levels. In this paper, a VRE concerning the long-term-monitoring of a waste deposit and its impact on groundwater quality will be discussed. Keywords: Virtual research environment, data management, long-term-monitoring, meta data, waste deposit, groundwater, GeoNetwork
- KonferenzbeitragA Software Platform Towards a Comparison of Cars - A Case Study for Handling Ratio-Based Decisions -(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Wittmann, Jochen; Markert, Johann; Plura, Sebastian; Brüggemann, RainerEnvironmental aspects often are in conflict with the criteria for a best/optimal behavior under technical aspects only. In these cases, common methods to compare alternatives and to come to a decision show methodological disadvantages. In this situation, this paper intends to demonstrate the situation firstly by giving a typical example, secondly to show, how a software platform might support the decision, thirdly, to provide different methods for comparison to demonstrate the effects of the method chosen and finally to sensitize the users for the interdependencies between the comparison method and the resulting ranking. The example will deal with the decision to find a new car according to individually scalable ratios. General data on different cars mainly are in conflict with the ratio of CO2-ratio expressing the environmental aspects of the cars to select. The paper proposes a software platform that allows dealing with these conflicting parameters by individually weighting and a flexible interface for comparison.
- KonferenzbeitragA system approach to the integration of ecosystem services with DPSIR components.(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Iannucci, Corrado; Munafò, Michele; Sambucini, ValterWhen analyzed with the tools provided by the systems theory, the DPSIR framework apparently implies a model of the natural environment (the ecosystem) separated from and in same way conflicting with the human society and its processes. Moreover, the baseline used to define the responses for the protection of the environment appears to be not generated by such processes. In order to reconcile the model with a more global vision of the dynamics of interest for the environment, the notion of ecosystem services has been added to the DPSIR approach. As a result, it has been obtained a conceptual model that includes all the DPSIR components and, moreover, can exploit the huge amounts of data that are collected on a steady basis for the social systems. This approach could allow to improve the data acquisition and decision making processes meant to provide a better management of the relationships between the humans and the environment.
- KonferenzbeitragIntegration of Sensor Data and their Presentation in Regional Environmental Information Systems and Mobile Applications(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Beck, Marc; Hempe, Christian; Krieger, Rolf; Mut, Andreas; Schmitt, BernhardDuring the last years, environmental observation and sensor networks have increasingly been built up for environmental monitoring. In Europe, most of these networks are managed by public authorities. Web-based information systems are used for the dissemination of collected sensor data about the environment. To date, it is very difficult to get information about sensors located in a specified area if different observation and sensor networks are to be considered. In this paper, we describe a prototype of an information system to solve this problem. Based on this system, we describe two applications, a regional environmental information system and a mobile application, providing a more comprehensive view on sensors in a specified area and their data.
- KonferenzbeitragCreating and Sharing Environmental Information with Collaborative Web Technologies(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Scharl, ArnoThis paper exemplifies the joint creation and sharing of environmental information by means of the Climate Change Collaboratory (www.ecoresearch.net/triple-c), an interdisciplinary initiative to investigate the perception of climate change on all political levels, ranging from inter-individual communication and local communities to global campaigns and treaties. By analyzing communicative strategies and processes that function between disciplines and stakeholders, the project aims to unearth hidden assumptions and misconceptions about climate change, contribute to a mutual understanding of existing problems, and suggest priorities for research and policy development.
- KonferenzbeitragEmission Inventory and Predict from Road Traffic Sources for Hanoi(Innovations in Sharing Environmental Observations and Information, 2011) Manh, VU Van; Thuy, BUI Phuong; Duy, DO HoanhTraffic emission inventory by age-cohort vehicles is an effective tool for manager to identify exactly the main vehicles polluted the air in urban area. Hanoi is one of the largest cities in Vietnam, now is facing with the serious air pollution problems which is mainly contributed by transport vehicles. In this paper, we used the dynamics model to build an age-cohorts model to estimate and predict the emissions from vehicle fleet of Hanoi by the year 2040 as well as assess the effectiveness of the management measures. The results shows that motorcycles is the main traffic air pollution source of Hanoi, accounting for 98% CO emissions, 75% NOx emissions, 81% PM emissions and 98% HC emissions. Among that, the motorcycles at the age from 3 to 9 years is the largest contributors with 57,72% CO emission, 58,5% HC emission, 62,53% NOx emission, and 54,29% PM emission. It’s estimated that, up to the year 2040, motorcycles still is the majority emission source, with a proportion of about 89% CO, 63% NOx, and 69% PM emissions. Keyword: Emission inventory, dynamics model, Hanoi traffic.