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- KonferenzbeitragOn the Use of Abatement Cost Curves in Integrated Assessment Modelling – Implications of Dealing with Multi-pollutant Multi-effect Problems(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Reis, Stefan; Nitter, Steffen; Friedrich, RainerThis paper critically reviews the current state-of-the-art of integrated assessment modelling (IAM) of air pollution control strategies based upon single abatement cost curves, elaborating on the specific implications of multi-pollutant multi-effect analysis for their further use in modelling studies. Starting from this analysis, a new approach towards modelling emission control options is discussed, which combines the concept of transparency and simplicity – among the most criticised aspects of current integrated assessment models – with a real-world modelling approach of abatement options, both technical and non-technical. In the second part of the paper, the application of evolutionary algorithms for IAM is described, giving a brief introduction of advantages and implementation in a currently running research project.
- KonferenzbeitragSoDa: A Project for the Integration and Exploitation of Networked Solar Radiation Databases(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Wald, Lucien; Albuisson, Michel; Best, Clive; Delamare, Catherine; Dumortier, Dominique; Gaboardi, Elena; Hammer, Annette; Heinemann, Detlev; Kift, Richard; Kunz, Stefan; Lefevre, Mireille; Leroy, Sebastien; Martionli, Mario; Menard, Lionel; Page, John; Prager, Tamas; Ratto, Corrado; Reise, Christian; Remund, Jan; Rimoczi-Paal, Aniko; Van der Goot, ErikThe project SoDa (solar data) answers the needs of industry and research for information on solar radiation parameters with a satisfactory quality. The methodology is user-driven with a large involvement of users in the project, who gauge the progresses and achievements. A prototype service has been developed, using Internet technology, that integrates and efficiently exploits diverse networked information sources to supply value-added information. Access to data and applications has been greatly improved; efforts were made on interpolation methods and satellite data processing to achieve better quality and increase time and space coverage of the information. Applications were developed or networked to supply information actually needed by customers, and not only raw data.
- KonferenzbeitragDas Klima des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Latif, Mojib
- KonferenzbeitragStandardisation of XML-based DTDs for Corporate Environmental Reporting: Towards an EML(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Lenz, Christian; Isenmann, Ralf; Marx-Gomez, Jorge; Krüger, Mario; Arndt, Hans-KnudDiscussions concerning companies’ environmental aspects gained considerable importance and challenged business in recent years. Comprehensible and authentic as well as customised corporate environmental reporting requires substantial quantities of relevant information. In order to automate corporate environmental reporting, the presented approach focuses on structuring and standardising environmental documents using the eXtensible Markup Language (XML). In a more detailed fashion, the contribution is dealing with the harmonisation of three current XML-based document type definitions (DTDs) proposed for internet-based corporate environmental reporting. From an academics’ point of view, this harmonisation is thought to be a considerable effort: firstly, for contributing to the discussion of standardising corporate environmental reporting taken as a whole, and secondly, for stimulating the processes towards shaping an Environmental Markup Language (EML). From a practitioners’ perspective, such a standardised XML-based DTD contributes to employ Internet technologies and Internet services productively for corporate environmental reporting. Reporting companies and their target groups are enabled to exploit the huge opportunities and media-specific technical benefits efficiently. The paper is structured in four parts: The first part deals with the design process used to develop each DTD. In the second part, the three DTDs are presented in a more detailed fashion. Based on this, the third part refers to the process of harmonisation of the proposed DTDs. The paper ends with a conclusion.
- KonferenzbeitragGEORD – An Open Data Warehouse Architecture for Environmental Data(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Haselberger, Rainer; Ondra, NorbertFor the sake of quick implementation, information systems are often tailored towards specific tools for editing, processing and querying of data. They normally have a high structural dependency on the tools used to build them, which usually makes changes to other tools and technologies both difficult and costly. As product cycles in software industry are constantly getting shorter, we have to face the rapid aging of existing tools, while the data involved still show growing longevity. Thus, a stable basement in terms of data, which supports the deployment of various different technologies at the interface level while preserving the internal structures, is of utmost importance. This is even more true in the context of geographical information systems (GIS), which are used for representing spatial contexts of environmental data, such as the sampling of pollution or noise and the water quality of wells, lakes, and rivers. In order to meet the requirements to gather, manage, and exploit various environmental data with complex structures, huge volumes, and geo-referencing, the GEORD architecture was developed in 1992 to suit the purposes of the Vienna City Administration and has been continuously enhanced since then.
- KonferenzbeitragCASCADE(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Cappellaro, Francesca; Masoni, Paolo; Moreno, Anna; Scalbi, SimonaOne of the objectives of the CASCADE (Cooperation and Standards Assessment Data in Europe) project is to establish the necessary standards for LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) data in order to create the model for a reference database, to test it and to develop a repository for terminology. A collaborative work between research, government and industrial organisations will develop the model of the database and the procedure for implementing it. The data base model will be tested with some trial population and useful suggestion will be taken for further development. Besides, training tools and software demo will be developed for enlarge the number of the users and at last, in the order to gather more interest, software demo will be developed and some of the software will have a commercial use after the end of the project.
- KonferenzbeitragUmweltinformationen im Internet – Ein „State of the Art”-Bericht(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Manderfeld, Carmen
- KonferenzbeitragXML-based Metadata Management for Biological Data(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Campos dos Santos, J.L.; de By, R.A.Amazon biological data have been collected, primarily by single or small group of researchers in small areas, over relatively short periods of time. Questions on “ecological patterns and process variation in time and space, and what are the causes and consequences of this variability” are still important. To answer these questions, far more data are required than what could be collected, managed, and analysed in a single organisation. Researchers need detailed documentation to accurately interpret and analyse historic or long-term data sets, as well as, data from complex experiments. This requires understanding of the type of variables, the units adopted, potential biases in the measurement, sampling methodology and a series of facts that are not represented in the raw data, but rather in the metadata, which is non-existent for the majority of data sets. We have implemented a solution to manage biological metadata; supported by the FGDC metadata standard. It includes the use of XML-based metadata representation that has been incorporated into client/server architecture. This allows users to access data and metadata over the web. The digital management of metadata will give the users the possibility to locate and understand data through time.
- KonferenzbeitragOperable Water Quantity Model System to Support Water Quality Management in a River Sub-Basin(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Kämpf, Charlotte; Brudy-Zippelius, Thomas; Liebert, Joachim; Ihringer, JürgenThe European Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires the development of integrated water management technologies and tools for coherent policy and resource management decisions with flood protection and drinking water supply as overriding policy objectives. The Ruhr forms a highly structured sub-basin of the Rhine river basin. The presented integrated water quantity management system allows real-time forecast to operate the River Ruhr reservoir system continuously as well as the simulation of this reservoir system to derive improved operational rules. The water management system is implemented at the operation center of the Ruhr River Association; equipped with a WWW portable GIS interface it is suited to open the decision process to the scrutiny of those who will be affected by river basin management plans.
- KonferenzbeitragEnvironmental Advantages of Video Conferencing Systems – Results from a Simplified LCA(Environmental Communication in the Information Society - Proceedings of the 16th Conference, 2002) Quack, Dietlinde; Oley, MichaelVideo conferences can substitute meetings where all participants are physically present by virtual meetings where the participants can take part without all of them being physically present at the same location. Our study showed that substitution of meetings by video conferences reduces the environmental impacts by a percentage of up to 90 percent. The range of achievable reduction depends on the general framework in each individual case (means of transportation, number of participants resp. travellers, distance, etc.). The longer the distance, the more participants that have to travel and the shorter a meeting is set, the more impact can be saved by substituting a video conference. Nevertheless, it has to be mentioned that they also hold some risks connected to third order effects: one cannot dismiss that an increase of video conferences could lead to an increase of especially long (air)travels.