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- ZeitschriftenartikelThe Structuring of Enterprise Architecture Functions in Organizations(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Kotusev, Svyatoslav; Kurnia, Sherah; Dilnutt, Rod; van de Wetering, RogierEnterprise architecture (EA) practice is a complex set of organizational activities enabling well-coordinated business and IT planning. Organizationally, EA practices are implemented by specialized EA functions, which have existed in many companies in some or the other form for decades. However, the problem of structuring EA functions according to the specific needs of organizations received almost no attention in the literature. To address this gap, 47 organizations and their EA functions were analyzed. Using the grounded theory method, the study develops a comprehensive theoretical model explaining the dependence between the relevant properties of organizations and the structures of their EA functions, including the appropriate numbers of architects, their specialization and structural alignment. This study offers arguably the first full-fledged theory on the structuring of EA functions and also addresses multiple practical questions that are likely to be asked by IT leaders willing to establish EA functions in their organizations.
- ZeitschriftenartikelSelf-learning Agents for Recommerce Markets(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Groeneveld, Jan; Herrmann, Judith; Mollenhauer, Nikkel; Dreeßen, Leonard; Bessin, Nick; Tast, Johann Schulze; Kastius, Alexander; Huegle, Johannes; Schlosser, RainerNowadays, customers as well as retailers look for increased sustainability. Recommerce markets – which offer the opportunity to trade-in and resell used products – are constantly growing and help to use resources more efficiently. To manage the additional prices for the trade-in and the resale of used product versions challenges retailers as substitution and cannibalization effects have to be taken into account. An unknown customer behavior as well as competition with other merchants regarding both sales and buying back resources further increases the problem’s complexity. Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms offer the potential to deal with such tasks. However, before being applied in practice, self-learning algorithms need to be tested synthetically to examine whether they and which work in different market scenarios. In the paper, the authors evaluate and compare different state-of-the-art RL algorithms within a recommerce market simulation framework. They find that RL agents outperform rule-based benchmark strategies in duopoly and oligopoly scenarios. Further, the authors investigate the competition between RL agents via self-play and study how performance results are affected if more or less information is observable (cf. state components). Using an ablation study, they test the influence of various model parameters and infer managerial insights. Finally, to be able to apply self-learning agents in practice, the authors show how to calibrate synthetic test environments from observable data to be used for effective pre-training.
- ZeitschriftenartikelThe Twin Transformation Butterfly(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Christmann, Anne-Sophie; Crome, Carlotta; Graf-Drasch, Valerie; Oberländer, Anna Maria; Schmidt, LeonieComplex digitalization and sustainability challenges shape today’s management agendas. To date, the dedication of Information Systems research to both challenges has not been equal in terms of effort and reward. Building capabilities to leverage the synergetic potential of digital and sustainability transformation may enhance organizational performance and imply new value creation for the common good. To uncover such synergetic potential, this work conceptualizes the “twin transformation” construct as a value-adding reinforcing interplay between digital transformation and sustainability transformation efforts that improve an organization by leveraging digital technologies to enable sustainability and to guide digital progress by leveraging sustainability. The twin transformation conceptualization is complemented with a capability framework for twin transformation drawing from dynamic capability theory. This work contributes to descriptive knowledge of the interplay between digital transformation and sustainability transformation, setting a foundation for further theorizing on twin transformation and enabling organizations to twin transform.
- ZeitschriftenartikelThe Internet of Value: Unleashing the Blockchain’s Potential with Tokenization(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Hanneke, Björn; Hinz, Oliver; Pfeiffer, Jella; Aalst, Wil M. P.
- ZeitschriftenartikelA Systematic Review of Identity and Access Management Requirements in Enterprises and Potential Contributions of Self-Sovereign Identity(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Glöckler, Jana; Sedlmeir, Johannes; Frank, Muriel; Fridgen, GilbertDigital identity and access management (IAM) poses significant challenges for companies. Cyberattacks and resulting data breaches frequently have their root cause in enterprises’ IAM systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, issues with the remote authentication of employees working from home highlighted the need for better IAM solutions. Using a design science research approach, the paper reviews the requirements for IAM systems from an enterprise perspective and identifies the potential benefits of self-sovereign identity (SSI) – an emerging, passwordless paradigm in identity management that provides end users with cryptographic attestations stored in digital wallet apps. To do so, this paper first conducts a systematic literature review followed by an interview study and categorizes IAM system requirements according to security and compliance, operability, technology, and user aspects. In a second step, it presents an SSI-based prototype for IAM, whose suitability for addressing IAM challenges was assessed by twelve domain experts. The results suggest that the SSI-based authentication of employees can address requirements in each of the four IAM requirement categories. SSI can specifically improve manageability and usability aspects and help implement acknowledged best practices such as the principle of least privilege. Nonetheless, the findings also reveal that SSI is not a silver bullet for all of the challenges that today’s complex IAM systems face.
- ZeitschriftenartikelData-Centric Artificial Intelligence(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Jakubik, Johannes; Vössing, Michael; Kühl, Niklas; Walk, Jannis; Satzger, GerhardData-centric artificial intelligence (data-centric AI) represents an emerging paradigm that emphasizes the importance of enhancing data systematically and at scale to build effective and efficient AI-based systems. The novel paradigm complements recent model-centric AI, which focuses on improving the performance of AI-based systems based on changes in the model using a fixed set of data. The objective of this article is to introduce practitioners and researchers from the field of Business and Information Systems Engineering (BISE) to data-centric AI. The paper defines relevant terms, provides key characteristics to contrast the paradigm of data-centric AI with the model-centric one, and introduces a framework to illustrate the different dimensions of data-centric AI. In addition, an overview of available tools for data-centric AI is presented and this novel paradigm is differenciated from related concepts. Finally, the paper discusses the longer-term implications of data-centric AI for the BISE community.
- ZeitschriftenartikelOpen Science(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 66, No. 4, 2024) Maedche, Alexander; Elshan, Edona; Höhle, Hartmut; Lehrer, Christiane; Recker, Jan; Sunyaev, Ali; Sturm, Benjamin; Werth, Oliver