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- ZeitschriftenartikeliTunes Music Store — Eine innovative Dienstleistung zur Durchsetzung von Property-Rights im Internet(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Walter, Benedikt; Hess, ThomasMusic filesharing systems based on peer-to-peer technology are increasingly menacing the entire music industry. After neglecting the issue in the beginning, the major music labels are now struggling to enforce their property rights in the Internet in order to maintain their profits — up to now without substantial impact.The iTunes Music Store, presented by Apple Inc. in April 2003 is the first commercial service able to persuade a considerable number of internet users to pay for digital music they download. This article discusses the major factors which contribute to iTunes’ success and analyses the service from different perspectives.From a technological point of view, the digital rights management systems stand out as they are quite liberal and even include peer-to-peer elements. The business perspective suggests that its success lies in the integration of the music industry’s need for compensation with the customers’ requirements to exchange music files and to write them to CD. Taking a new institutional economics approach, the service pays attention to the fact that in the Internet age some (intellectual) property rights can not be enforced in a way the music industry was used to in pre-Internet times. Leaving some property rights not allocated the remaining property rights can be enforced more efficiently by presenting an innovative and easy-to-use service.
- ZeitschriftenartikelKooperationen in Supply-Chains — Ökonomische Bewertungsansätze und Anwendung eines Simulationsmodells(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Buxmann, Peter; Martín Díaz, Luis; Ahsen, AnetteThis paper examines economic approaches to evaluate cooperation in supply chains. Thereby, we analyze the Bullwhip Effect in the context of procurement planning on the one hand and present our prototype SCOptimizer for determining the added-value of cooperative distribution planning on the other hand. The added value of cooperation can serve as a basis for a profitability analysis of using information and communication technology on an interorganizational level.
- ZeitschriftenartikelOpen Source aus ökonomischer Sicht — Zu den institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen einer spenderkompatiblen Rentensuche(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Franck, EgonThe analysis focuses on the basic institutional mechanisms governing open source software development. It explains why these institutional mechanisms enable rent-seeking without crowding out donative behavior. The “symbiotic” institutional arrangements translate into an ability to attract contributors with heterogeneous motivations.
- ZeitschriftenartikelComputational Economics als wirtschaftsinformatischer Beitrag zu einer interdisziplinären Netzwerktheorie(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Weitzel, Tim; König, WolfgangStandards provide for compatibility and can therefore constitute networks. A possible contribution of the discipline of IS is transcending traditional economic network analysis by incorporating an interdisciplinary view on networks with economic utility maximization and an agent-based computational economics (ACE) approach. In doing so, the complex dynamics in networks occasioned by the existence of network effects and socially situated agents with bounded rationality can be modelled using computational laboratories. This provides an important step towards evaluating and develop alternative socioeconomic structures with regard to their effects on individual behavior and social welfare.
- ZeitschriftenartikelHayeks Katallaxie — Ein zukunftsweisendes Konzept für die Wirtschaftsinformatik?(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Eymann, Torsten; Sackmann, Stefan; Müller, GünterThe mobile and increasingly ubiquitous use of information technology leads to more dynamic, constantly self-reconfiguring networks. Their services are available anytime and anywhere; as software agents, they can make local, context-aware decisions. F. A. von Hayek developed a theory for economic coordination based on individual decision making. This paper presents the explanation concepts of economic self-organisation as at least one option for the design of decentralized coordination of information systems consisting of autonomous software agents with limited information processing capacity and incomplete information. Experiments using a multi-agent system show that a targeted change of this basic rule set directly influences the behaviour of the individual elements and indirectly the behaviour of the overall system.
- ZeitschriftenartikelDie normative Prinzipal-Agenten-Theorie als Untersuchungsansatz für Management-Support-Systeme(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Wall, FriederikeConflicts of interests and information asymmetries in decentralized organizations on the one hand and management support systems (MSS) on the other hand are interdependently related. Normative principal-agent theory provides an analytical approach to gain structural insights for the optimal design of MSS in the context of other institutions as, for example, incentive schemes. For this, remarkable efforts with respect to conzeptualization and abstraction have to be undertaken. The article presents a research program that is directed to apply normative principal-agent theory to the design of MSS.
- ZeitschriftenartikelInformationen zum Wissensmanagement im Internet(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Disterer, Georg; Krystofiak, Stefanie; Bitzer, Michael
- ZeitschriftenartikelInterpretation des Sourcings der Informationsverarbeitung: Hintergründe und Grenzen ökonomischer Einflussgrößen(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Dibbern, Jens; Heinzl, Armin; Leibbrandt, SilviaThis article aims to develop a more profound understanding of the heterogeneous behaviour in the field of Information Systems (IS) Outsourcing in German organizations. Based on multiple case studies in the German Manufacturing Industry, it demonstrates that resource deficits serve as an overriding contingency for the outsourcing decision. However, specific knowledge on internal business processes may lead to production cost advantages for the firm and, thus, inhibits the outsourcing of IS functions. Furthermore, cultural variables like distrust and sociability serve as additional contingencies for explaining heterogeneous outsourcing patterns.
- ZeitschriftenartikelModel Driven Architecture (MDA)(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Fettke, Peter; Loos, Peter
- ZeitschriftenartikelVon Massenproduktion zu Co-Produktion Kunden als Wertschöpfungspartner(Wirtschaftsinformatik: Vol. 45, No. 5, 2003) Reichwald, Ralf; Piller, Frank T.The idea of integrating users into the design and production processes is a promising strategy for companies being forced to react to the growing individualization of demand. Many of the new models of industrial value creation refer to customer integration as a distinctive principle. The paper argues that modern information technologies play an important part to implement customer centric structures in mass markets. The combination of flexible manufacturing with modern interaction technologies allows only today to fulfill many of the promises that were discussed in the CIM context already decades ago. The objective of this paper is to lay a foundation for creating modern, customer orientated manufacturing concepts by dedicated information systems and processes. After discussing some new forms of value creation in manufacturing, we identify information structures and processes for customer integration. The paper ends with an agenda for further research from a business informatics perspective.