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- ZeitschriftenartikelEnhancing Sustained Attention(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Demazure, Théophile; Karran, Alexander; Léger, Pierre-Majorique; Labonté-LeMoyne, Élise; Sénécal, Sylvain; Fredette, Marc; Babin, GilbertArguably, automation is fast transforming many enterprise business processes, transforming operational jobs into monitoring tasks. Consequently, the ability to sustain attention during extended periods of monitoring is becoming a critical skill. This manuscript presents a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) prototype which seeks to combat decrements in sustained attention during monitoring tasks within an enterprise system. A brain-computer interface is a system which uses physiological signals output by the user as an input. The goal is to better understand human responses while performing tasks involving decision and monitoring cycles, finding ways to improve performance and decrease on-task error. Decision readiness and the ability to synthesize complex and abundant information in a brief period during critical events has never been more important. Closed-loop control and motivational control theory were synthesized to provide the basis from which a framework for a prototype was developed to demonstrate the feasibility and value of a BCI in critical enterprise activities. In this pilot study, the BCI was implemented and evaluated through laboratory experimentation using an ecologically valid task. The results show that the technological artifact allowed users to regulate sustained attention positively while performing the task. Levels of sustained attention were shown to be higher in the conditions assisted by the BCI. Furthermore, this increased cognitive response seems to be related to increased on-task action and a small reduction in on-task errors. The research concludes with a discussion of the future research directions and their application in the enterprise.
- ZeitschriftenartikelSoftware Requirements Selection with Incomplete Linguistic Preference Relations(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Sadiq, Mohd.; Parveen, Azra; Jain, S. K.Software requirements (SRs) selection is a multicriteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem whose objective is to select the SRs from the pool of the requirements on the basis of different criteria. In MCGDM, different decision makers have different opinions of the same requirement so it is difficult to decide which set of SRs to implement during the different releases of the software. During the MCGDM process, decision makers may use linguistic variables to specify preferences of requirements over other requirements. In real life applications, it has been observed that sometimes decision makers cannot evaluate the SRs due to their lack of knowledge and limited expertise related to the problem domain. In this situation, incomplete linguistic preference relations (LPRs) are constructed. In literature, SRs selection with incomplete LPRs is still an unresearched problem. Therefore, to address this issue, a method is presented for the selection of SRs with incomplete LPRs. Finally, the applicability of the proposed method is explained with the help of an example.
- ZeitschriftenartikelExploring Information Systems Curricula(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Föll, Patrick; Thiesse, FrédéricThe study considers the application of text mining techniques to the analysis of curricula for study programs offered by institutions of higher education. It presents a novel procedure for efficient and scalable quantitative content analysis of module handbooks using topic modeling. The proposed approach allows for collecting, analyzing, evaluating, and comparing curricula from arbitrary academic disciplines as a partially automated, scalable alternative to qualitative content analysis, which is traditionally conducted manually. The procedure is illustrated by the example of IS study programs in Germany, based on a data set of more than 90 programs and 3700 distinct modules. The contributions made by the study address the needs of several different stakeholders and provide insights into the differences and similarities among the study programs examined. For example, the results may aid academic management in updating the IS curricula and can be incorporated into the curricular design process. With regard to employers, the results provide insights into the fulfillment of their employee skill expectations by various universities and degrees. Prospective students can incorporate the results into their decision concerning where and what to study, while university sponsors can utilize the results in their grant processes.
- ZeitschriftenartikelResilient Digital Twins(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Aalst, Wil M. P.; Hinz, Oliver; Weinhardt, Christof
- ZeitschriftenartikelLow-Code Platform(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Bock, Alexander C.; Frank, Ulrich
- ZeitschriftenartikelContradictions and Interventions in Health IS(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Weeger, Andy; Wagner, Heinz-Theo; Gewald, Heiko; Weitzel, TimThe study analyzes data collected in two case studies in the healthcare industry, which is characterized by a variety of social and technical elements forming an activity system where all elements interact with each other. The findings indicate that many problems emerging during the implementation of a health information system can be traced back to contradictions between elements of the activity systems that are created or amplified by the new IS. The authors find that some contradictions are latent and become salient when introducing a new IS, while other contradictions are (unintentionally) newly created. Also, the study shows that contradictions are more complex than hitherto assumed and often concern more than two elements of a healthcare activity system. In a similar vein, effective interventions geared toward countering these contradictions are found to account for additional complexity while not always achieving their goal. Drawing on activity theory, the authors develop a framework to coherently synthesize the findings. The study can help increase the understanding of the IS’s role within an activity system and help guide IS implementation projects aimed at avoiding unintended consequences.
- ZeitschriftenartikelA Typology of Business Process Standardization Strategies(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Goel, Kanika; Bandara, Wasana; Gable, GuyBusiness Process Standardization (BPS) is a strategy for improved efficiency and effectiveness of business processes. However, BPS approaches are known to vary much in practice, can consume inordinate time and resources, and are ill-understood. This study applies an exploratory analysis of BPS literature to identify alternative BPS strategies. The analysis identified three key decision-points when strategizing: (i) Approach to standardization (Bottom-up or Top-down), (ii) Choice of Master Process (Internal Exemplar, Internal Best-of-Breed, or External Exemplar), and (iii) Optimization of the Master Process (Yes or No). These alternative choices, in combination, yield 12 BPS strategies, which are described herein and instantiated by mapping 21 published BPS cases against the 12 strategy types. The resulting typology of BPS strategies can serve as a useful tool for researchers investigating BPS and may provide insight for practitioners when considering an appropriate BPS strategy, or in better understanding their existing implicit or explicit strategy.
- ZeitschriftenartikelQuo Vadis Conferences in the Business and Information Systems Engineering (BISE) Community After Covid(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Leimeister, Jan Marco; Stieglitz, Stefan; Matzner, Martin; Kundisch, Dennis; Flath, Christoph; Röglinger, Maximilian
- ZeitschriftenartikelExtracting Best-Practice Using Mixed-Methods(Business & Information Systems Engineering: Vol. 63, No. 6, 2021) Poppe, Erik; Pika, Anastasiia; Wynn, Moe Thandar; Eden, Rebekah; Andrews, Robert; Hofstede, Arthur H. M.Problem Definition: Queensland’s Compulsory Third-Party (CTP) Insurance Scheme provides a mechanism for persons injured as a result of a motor vehicle accident to receive compensation. Managing CTP claims involves multiple stakeholders with potentially conflicting interests. It is therefore pertinent to investigate whether ‘best practice’ for claims processing can be identified and measured so all claimants receive fair and equitable treatment. The project set out to test the applicability of a mixed-method approach to identify ‘best-practice’ using qualitative, process mining, and data mining techniques in an insurance claims processing domain. Relevance: Existing approaches typically identify ‘best practice’ from literature or surveys of practitioners. The study provides insights into an alternative, mixed-method approach to deriving best practice from historical data and domain knowledge. Methodology: The study is a reflective analysis of insights gained from a practical application of a mixed-method approach to determine ‘best practice’. Results: The mixed-method approach has a number of benefits over traditional approaches in uncovering best practice process behavior from historical data in the real-world context (i.e., can identify process behavior differences between high and low performing cases). The study also highlights a number of challenges with regards to the quality and detail of data that needs to be available to perform the analysis. Managerial Implications: The ‘lessons learned’ from this study will directly benefit others seeking to implement a data-driven approach to understand a ‘best-practice’ process in their own organization.