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- ZeitschriftenartikelToward Self-monitoring Smart Cities: the OpenSense2 Approach(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Calbimonte, Jean-Paul; Eberle, Julien; Aberer, KarlThe sustained growth of urban settlements in the last years has had an inherent impact on the environment and the quality of life of their inhabitants. In order to support sustainability and improve quality of life in this context, we advocate the fostering of ICT-empowered initiatives that allow citizens to self-monitor their environment and assess the quality of the resources in their surroundings. More concretely, we present the case of such a self-monitoring Smart City platform for estimating the air quality in urban environments at high resolution and large scale. Our approach is a combination of mobile and human sensing that exploits both dedicated and participatory monitoring. We identify the main challenges in such a crowdsensing scenario for Smart Cities, and in particular we analyze issues related to scalability, accuracy, accessibility, privacy, and discoverability, among others. Moreover, we show that our approach has the potential to empower citizens to diagnose their environment using mobile and portable sensing devices, combining their personal data with a public higher accuracy air quality network.
- ZeitschriftenartikelMechanismen zur Beschaffung korrekter Daten(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Faltings, Boi; Radanovic, Goran,,Smart Cities“ brauchen als Grundlage für Entscheidungen grosse Mengen von Daten, die häufig nicht direkt, sondern über andere Agenten erhoben werden. Es ist daher wichtig, die Qualität durch geeignete Anreize oder Kontrolle sicherzustellen. Bei Ausnutzung der Spieltheorie ist dies erstaunlicherweise selbst dann möglich, wenn die Korrektheit der Daten gar nicht kontrolliert werden kann. Wir zeigen neuartige Mechanismen zur Qualitätssicherung für zwei Arten von Agenten. Für rational handelnde Agenten berechnen wir die Belohnung für die Daten so, dass nur korrekte Daten einen positiven Betrag erwarten können. Für fehlerhafte oder absichlich falsche Daten zeigen wir einen neuen Mechanismus, der den negativen Einfluss auf das erzeugte Modell begrenzt.
- ZeitschriftenartikelMitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Informatik 243. Folge(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017)
- ZeitschriftenartikelFlachsinn im Attracticon(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Dueck, Gunter
- ZeitschriftenartikelComputational Intelligence and Citizen Communication in the Smart City(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) D’Asaro, Fabio Aurelio; Di Gangi, Mattia Antonino; Perticone, Valerio; Tabacchi, Marco ElioInformation and communication are at the core of the intelligent city of tomorrow, and the key components of a smart city cannot prescind from data exchanges and interconnectedness. Citizen communication is an integral part of the smart city’s development plans: freedom of information and involvement in collective decisions, e-democracy and decision-making feedback can be greatly enhanced in an intelligent city, and, among other smart city components, foster a new era of participation and wise decisions. In this contribution we describe the methodologies that can be implemented in order to correctly develop automatic recognition systems for citizen communication, paying special attention to computational intelligence approaches, and how such methodologies could be usefully employed in the essential task of understanding linguistic registers, and suggest how the use of argumentation techniques can be beneficial to citizen communication.
- ZeitschriftenartikelManaging Urban Resilience(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Klein, Bernhard; Koenig, Reinhard; Schmitt, GerhardGood governance is necessary to make cities resilient and sustainable. To achieve this, we propose the Responsive City, in which citizens, enabled by technology, take on an active role in urban planning processes. Adequate planning of Responsive Cities requires a change and evolvement of the role of policy-makers, government experts, urban planners, and architects. A key factor is hereby the understanding of urban dynamics. In this paper we present a method to model the dynamics of the city from the viewpoint of the urban metabolism as a system of stocks and flows. Understanding these flows helps to identify the main characteristics of the city and advances the knowledge of relationships between different stocks and flows in the system. Big Data can inform and support this process with evidence by taking advantage of behavioural data from infrastructure sensors and crowdsourcing initiatives. They can be overlaid with spatial information in order to respond to events in decreasing time spans by automating the response process partially, which is a necessity for any resilient city management.
- ZeitschriftenartikelConceptualizing “Smart Cities”(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Finger, Matthias; Razaghi, Mohamad
- ZeitschriftenartikelMitteilungen der Schweizer Informatik Gesellschaft / 1_2017(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017)
- ZeitschriftenartikelVon Locarno bis London, oder: Was heißt hier eigentlich smart?(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Myrach, Thomas
- ZeitschriftenartikelGrassroots Smart Cities(Informatik Spektrum: Vol. 40, No. 1, 2017) Savini, Marco