Tagungsband MuC 2024
See proceedings in the digital library of the ACM at https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/3670653
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- KonferenzbeitragSearch User Interaction in Multi-Theme Map-based Applications: A Preliminary Assessment(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Degbelo, Auriol; Schmidt, Benno; Vuong, Johnni; Henzen, Christin; Zander, Franziska; Lechler, Sarah; Lier, BernadetteMap-based web applications are often used to display spatial information in the context of (open) data from the environmental and urban infrastructure sectors. As the number of thematic layers displayed on these applications grows, maintaining user interface intuitiveness becomes increasingly challenging. To provide an initial account of design practices in the area, this article examines 19 map-based applications with multiple thematic layers, along four dimensions: thematic content complexity, functionalities for layer search, legend design and functionalities for the search of location information. We then report on findings from a brainwriting workshop involving 11 participants, during which three applications were used to identify design challenges and opportunities. The observations and design issues presented are relevant to researchers and designers of applications displaying multi-theme spatial information.
- Konferenzbeitrag(X)AI as a Teacher: Learning with Explainable Artificial Intelligence(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Spitzer, Philipp; Goutier, Marc; Kühl, Niklas; Satzger, GerhardDue to changing demographics, limited availability of experts, and frequent job transitions, retaining and sharing knowledge within organizations is crucial. While many learning systems already address this issue, they typically lack automation and scalability in teaching novices and, thus, hinder the learning processes within organizations. Recent research emphasizes the capability of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to make black-box artificial intelligence systems interpretable for decision-makers. This work explores the potential of using (X)AI-based learning systems for providing learning examples and explanations to novices. In an exploratory study, we evaluate novices’ learning performance in a learning setting taking into account their cognitive abilities. Our results show that novices increase their learning performance throughout the exploratory study. These results shed light on how XAI can facilitate learning, taking first steps towards understanding the potential of XAI in learning systems.
- KonferenzbeitragInvestigating the Perceived Abilities of Popular Game Characters' Clothes(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Behrens, Selina; Kocur, MartinThe visual appearance of avatars can influence users’ behavior and perception based on their stereotypical associations. Avatars’ clothing govern the visual appearance and is not only aesthetically important but also determines the anticipated abilities. Therefore, avatar designers need to know the abilities that are associated with the clothing. However, a systematic investigation of avatars’ clothes and the perceived abilities is missing. Consequently, we conducted an online survey with 61 participants to explore the functionality, physical and cognitive abilities, as well as comfort and aesthetics of 15 selected popular action video game characters’ clothes. We contribute with a heatmap illustrating the correlation between clothes and specific abilities. This heatmap serves as a tool for avatar designers during the creation process to anticipate the perceived abilities of their avatars’ clothes.
- KonferenzbeitragAugmented reality glasses for the crafts sector - acceptance factors for tasks with highly variable workspaces(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Gutzmann, Jan Christoph; Dossena, Gian Luca; Prilla, MichaelThis study explores the acceptance of augmented reality (AR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) in enhancing support for the crafts sector. In a qualitative field study with three craft companies from different sectors, it was found that AR holds the potential to improve time efficiency, task learnability, and hands-free operations, fostering better problem-solving and information change. The framework for data analysis was based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2) model. However, we also found that challenges such as the fragility, bulkiness and cost of current HMDs, along with characteristics of the crafts sectors such as widely changing locations such as lighting and spatial conditions, hinder widespread adoption. The study highlights the need to enhance factors that promote acceptance and address those that inhibit it.
- KonferenzbeitragWhen to Approach the User: Investigating Suitable Context Factors for Proactive Voice Assistance in Automated Cars(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Mathis, Lesley-Ann; Bubeck, Carla Bernadette; Peissner, MatthiasFuture voice assistants in automated cars are expected to provide a more interactive user experience by making proactive suggestions. For the design of proactive behavior, the right timing of the interaction is key to ensure user acceptance. Context situations during an automated ride are influenced by different factors, which need to be considered to initiate a proactive interaction. The goal of this study is to investigate how different context factors influence the suitability of proactive suggestions and relate to the suggested content. A conjoint analysis was designed to measure users’ preferences for different situations. Results indicate that selected context factors are considered suitable or unsuitable for a proactive approach, independent of the suggested content. The content's relevancy contributes to the general acceptance, with more relevant suggestions considered suitable in more context situations. The presented results will inform the modelling approach of a voice assistant prototype for future studies.
- KonferenzbeitragWho owns the city?" - Focus groups on barriers to current citizen participation and the design of digital participation formats: "Wem gehört die Stadt?" - Fokusgruppen zu Hürden aktueller Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung und Gestaltung digitaler Beteiligungsformate"(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Klütsch, Jennifer; Haehn, Luise; Schlittmeier, Sabine JaninaDigital participation formats could offer great potential to support the process of current citizen participation and to counteract the barriers that arise. Based on two focus groups with a total of 12 participants between the ages of 25 and 70, we investigated the barriers experienced and potential for optimisation of previous citizen participation as well as the expectations and preferences for digital citizen participation. The aim is to develop digital participation formats in a participatory manner based on the needs of citizens and thus utilize the potential of digital citizen participation. In the focus groups, we identified a lack of awareness of and identification with participation processes as possible personal barriers for citizens. A perceived lack of transparency and communication in participation processes were, among others, identified as barriers arising from project coordinators, which can lead to a lack of trust and frustration. In order to promote transparent and comprehensible participation processes in the future, the focus groups offer valuable information on the design of future citizen participation, both for process optimisation and for increasing awareness of citizen participation.
- KonferenzbeitragValidation of a German Version of the Collision Anxiety Questionnaire(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Ring, Patrizia; Tietenberg, Julius; Masuch, MaicThe main quality of virtual reality (VR) is its high immersive potential. However, the resulting inability to perceive the real world surroundings can distract users from the application due to the fear of colliding with obstacles or other people. The Collision Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) by Ring et al. measures this fear of colliding and consists of ten items in three subscales: general collision anxiety, orientation, and interpersonal collision anxiety. In this paper, we present a validated German version of the CAQ, which showed a good model fit, including good reliability and internal and discriminant validity. By validating the questionnaire, we offer researchers a tool to further explore and evaluate the concept of collision anxiety, helping to uncover previously under-explored aspects of the user experience.
- KonferenzbeitragHow Do Professionals in SMEs Engage With AI and Regulation? An Interview Study in Austria(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Wolf-Brenner, Christof; Pammer-Schindler, Viktoria; Breitfuss, GertAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is becoming more widespread, small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are beginning to use it extensively. This paper presents the results of an interview study with eight CEOs or co-founders of SMEs. We explore the practical applications of AI technologies within these SMEs and their anticipation of forthcoming European AI regulations, specifically the AI Act. Additionally, we also investigate attitudes and dispositions towards voluntary codes of conduct as outlined within it. This study aims to shed light on the operational, regulatory, and ethical dimensions of AI integration within SMEs. It reveals that SMEs favor third-party AI systems, particularly those based on Large Language Models (LLMs), due to their convenience and minimal integration effort. Additionally, SMEs are keenly aware of their need for external support to navigate upcoming AI regulations, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions to ensure compliance and optimal use of AI technologies. Lastly, SMEs view voluntary codes of conduct as outlined in the AI Act as a testament to a company’s commitment to go beyond mere legal compliance, thus reinforcing trust. Based on our findings, we propose three design implications for the HCI community: convenient AI integration, post-adoptive regulatory support, and proactive ethical design.
- KonferenzbeitragGRACE: Towards an Embodied Voice Assistant for Improving Quality of Life by Leveraging Elements of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Vinay, Rasita; Tommila, Nora Camilla; Schlögl, Mathias; Klöppel, Stefan; Biller-Andorno, Nikola; Kowatsch, TobiasDementia is one the leading causes of death globally. Although currently no cure exists, there are multiple interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of people with dementia by leveraging elements of cognitive stimulation therapy. This work is the first of a several-year research agenda that investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of embodied voice assistants to deliver such interventions. We describe the development of the GRACE prototype based on an open-source social robotics platform. We expand its functionality by adding two intervention components of cognitive stimulation therapy and making the robot more interactive by integrating a public large language model. We also conduct a first evaluation with 11 healthy participants who assess perceived technology characteristics including working alliance, an important relationship quality, which is robustly linked to treatment success. Results indicate that GRACE was perceived positively. We conclude this short paper with suggestions for improvement and outline future work.
- KonferenzbeitragWhat does it Take to Test a Bicycle Simulator for Realism? A Discussion of the Challenges and Possible Evaluation Methods(Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, 2024) Trefzger, Mathias; Raschke, Michael; Fath, Michael; Eckart, JochenIn recent years, bicycle simulators have become increasingly important as a research tool, resulting in a large number of new prototypes at various academic institutions. In order for the results of studies to be transferred from a simulator to reality, it is necessary to ensure that simulators reproduce realistic traffic behaviour. Most bicycle simulators are evaluated using cycling parameters. However, the (combined) use of other methods is necessary to ensure realism. In this paper we present a variety of evaluation methods and discuss why we consider them relevant for evaluating the realism. We present the challenges and potential and the study design of our current study comparing cycling behaviour in reality and in simulation. Our study design should serve as a reference for other researchers and facilitate their own research. This paper contributes to the motivation of new and future work in the still young field of cycling simulation.