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- KonferenzbeitragA Proposal for a Thesaurus for Web Services in Solar Radiation(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Gschwind, Benoit; Menard, Lionel; Ranchin, Thierry; Wald, Lucien; Stackhouse, PaulMetadata are necessary to discover, describe and exchange any type of information, resource and service at a large scale. A significant amount of effort has been made in the field of geography and environment to establish standards. Efforts still remain to address more specific domains such as renewable energies. This communication focuses on solar energy and more specifically on aspects in solar radiation that relate to geography and meteorology. A thesaurus in solar radiation is proposed for the keys elements in solar radiation namely time, space and radiation types. The importance of time-series in solar radiation is outlined and attributes of the key elements are discussed. An XML schema for encoding metadata is proposed. The exploitation of such a schema in web services is discussed. This proposal is a first attempt at establishing a thesaurus for describing data and applications in solar radiation.
- KonferenzbeitragAir Quality Information Service in Upper Silesia(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Bronder, Joachim; Klis, Czeslaw; Dlugosz, JacekWithin the frames of MARQUIS project, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas was responsible, among others, for providing a reliable delivery of air pollution monitoring, modelled and forecast data as well as setting up a local air quality database server. The results of these tasks constitute the basis, on which a local air quality information service for Upper Silesia in Polish language, the so called MARQUIS Light (ML), was developed. The service provides current information on concentrations of five air pollutants (SO2, NO2, O3, CO and PM10) for 31 points, representing 14 monitoring stations, 2 health resorts and 15 Air Quality Assessment Zones. In addition to that, the service provides information on Air Quality Index and the relevant health precautions. Apart from the current data, the service provides information on forecast concentrations of four air pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO and PM10) for maximum 48 hours ahead, for 13 points representing monitoring stations. For these data the air quality index is calculated and in the case of an elevated level of air pollution (AQI >3) the reasons of that elevation are determined. Service functionality allows also determining the contribution of a given emission source type in the forecast concentration. This knowledge is one of the basic objectives of the air quality management. The service also provides both current and forecast data related to Polish and EU legislation concerning exceedance of air pollution thresholds. The computational kernel of the service is SINZAP modelling system (System for Identification of Air Pollution Inflow), developed at IETU. In calculations of air pollutant concentrations SINZAP utilizes a trajectory model, which is based on VLSTrack model. It uses three dimensional wind fields as well as spatial distribution of such meteorological parameters like Monin-Obukhov Length, Mixture High and Friction Velocity. Meteorological data used in simulations are obtained from HIRLAM meteorological model of FMI (Finish Meteorological Institute). Besides modelling of air pollutant concentrations SINZAP scans the internet pages searching through the accessible air pollution data, reads from the pages the data on the air pollution from outside of the Silesian Voivodeship. Thanks to adoption of emergency procedures, the information provided by the service is available non-stop, even in the case of failure of a given station or measurement gauge. The service provides information in a tabular, graphical, cartographical and textual form. The potential Silesian market of the MARQUIS Light service is limited to 205 customers, representing governmental administration as well as local governments. Further development of the service is focused on adaptation of the forecast model for ozone and in the case of a successful implementation of the MARQUIS full version at IETU – on introduction of a text generation technology into the MARQUIS LIGHT service.
- KonferenzbeitragAutomatic Production of Multilingual Environmental Information(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Bohnet, Bernd; Lareau, Francois; Wanner, LeoMultilingual environmental information is communicated via different media. These media can be newspapers, TV, internet, WAP, SMS, etc. Each of the media has a presentation mode which fits best. Thus, it turned out that for newspapers, pictograms which indicate good, normal, and bad conditions, a map with pictograms and/or a very short text are to be preferred. In contrast, the information provided in the internet, can be very detailed and personalized and contain the latest data available at the moment the user requests the information. Furthermore, in the internet, the user can interactively select more details or change the presentation mode. For all media, the most challenging information mode is text. Since a template-based method where predefined sentences with empty slots filled at the time of generation cannot ensure coherent and cohesive text for all contextual settings, full-fledged generation techniques are needed. In this paper, we present the generation techniques as used for the production of multilingual air quality information in the framework of the MARQUIS-project.
- KonferenzbeitragA Modelling and Mapping System for Impact Assessment of Atmospheric Sulphur and Nitrogen Deposition on Forest Ecosystems(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Mill, Wojciech; Schlama, AdrianA mass balance model to calculate critical loads of airborne acidity to forest ecosystems has been computerized. The SONOX software developed at the Institute of Environmental Protection replicates the sequence of events on the path from sulfur and nitrogen emission through their deposition and next overlaying it on critical loads values to identify the extent and areas of critical loads exceedance. To support decision making a converse direction is offered to assess the necessary emission reductions to meet assumed environmental goals by eliminating or suitably abating the critical loads exceedance. This software originally developed and applied to support the Polish contribution to the negotiations of the Oslo and Gothenburg Protocols of the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution was after that used to assess the capacity of achieving the interim environmental quality targets of the NEC Directive in Poland, to support the development of air protection programs for administrative units exposed to transboundary fluxes and other decision making purposes.
- KonferenzbeitragMethodological Basis for Information Management – The DIAMONT Database for Indikators, Data and Instruments as a Contribution to the Alpine Convention(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Weihs, Erich; Marzelli, StefanIn the year 1991, seven Alpine states and the EU signed the Alpine Convention, an international agreement dedicated to ensure sustainable development in one of the ecologically most sensitive regions of Europe. The Alpine Convention aims to safeguard natural and cultural diversity as well as the life quality of citizen and strives within the EU context for a balanced competitiveness of regions. For almost 10 years the Signatory States of the Alpine Convention struggled for the development of appropriate indicators and instruments to monitor and assess the main processes of regional development as well as Alpine-specific problems. The INTERREG IIIB project “DIAMONT” (Data Infrastructure of the Alps. Mountain Orientated Network Technology) supports the Permanent Secretariat of the Alpine Convention in the development of “SOIA” (System for Observation of and Information on the Alps). The database has been developed in different modules addressing indicators, data and instruments of regional development. Details on both indicators and instruments are given in accordance with data and meta data requirements as regulated by ISO19115; they are stored in the xml data base. This technology enables to maintain consistent relations between indicators, instruments and data for entering and maintaining in the database. Besides data storage, the database is also used within the project as communication platform between eight partners from six countries. For that reason, the database is equipped with a sophisticated comment field, allowing authorised users to comment and discuss each entry. Given this structure the database might also contribute to the INSPIRE-initiative which aims to compile geographical information from local to EU level in an inter-operable way (http://www.ec-gis.org/inspire/).
- KonferenzbeitragData-Availability of Pharmaceuticals Detected in Water: An Evaluation Study by Order Theory (METEOR)(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Voigt, Kristina; Brüggemann, RainerThe topic of pharmaceuticals in the environment is of increasing interest both to the scientific community as well as to the public. Although extensive research is currently under way the availability of data on ecological parameters is largely missing. In our research approach we evaluate the data-availability of 16 widely spread pharmaceuticals in 17 publicly available Internet databases. We apply the order theoretical software METEOR which allows the participation of stakeholders in the evaluation process and the software provides the stepwise introduction of weight. We take a closer look at the chosen four point source pharmaceuticals, two cytostatic agents Cyclophoshamide (CYC), 5Fluorouracil (FLU) and two contrast media Diatrizoate (DIT), Iopromide (IOP). Even for these pharmaceuticals the data-situation is extremely bad. Only the large databases ChemExper Catalog of Chemical Suppliers, Physical Characteristics (CEX) and RXList The International Drug Index (RXL) comprise all of the chosen pharmaceuticals. It has to be mentioned however that neither of these databases contain data on ecotoxicity and/or degradation and accumulation.
- KonferenzbeitragAnimal Diseases and Human Health: Using Information Networks to Guide International Policy(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Armbruster, Walter J.Zoonotic diseases transmissible from animals to humans are of increasing concern in today’s global economy. For example, avian influenza (AI) is an omnipresent human flu pandemic threat calling for surveillance and bio-security as first lines of defense. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) which affects beef and dairy animals did threaten a global human Crutzfeld-Jacob disease epidemic which is now seen as largely past. But since there are only postmortem tests for BSE, effective and continued risk communication is critical to containing the potential of a future global epidemic.
- KonferenzbeitragTransmission of Spatial Data Through Web Services (Web Map Service and Web Feature Service) Based on Geographical Information Systems(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Versic, AlesThis article describes two Web services using geographical information systems which enable exchange of spatial information between the distributor or government institution and clients who require environmental spatial data. The introduction explains the reasons for introducing Web services and standards governing this area, followed by a presentation of differences between the Web Map and Web Feature services and a description of their technical characteristics. The article concludes by presenting two solutions put forward by the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia.
- KonferenzbeitragThe Science, Technology, and Research Network (STARNET) A Searchable Thematic Compilation of Web Resources(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Blados, Walter; Cotter, Gladys; Hermann, ThomasOur world is threatened by important and complex ecological problems. International alliances in environmental efforts have resulted in a more rapid diffusion of technology. This, in turn, increases pressure on organizations to push forward with technological developments and to take steps to maximize their inclusion into the research and development (R&D) process and the overall advancement and enhancement of environmental and biological sciences and technology. To cope with this vast and rapidly growing amount of data and information that is vital to the success of the innovation, the Information Management Committee (IMC) of the Research Technology Agency (RTA) developed the science, technology and research network (STARNET). The purpose of this network is to facilitate access to worldwide information elements in terms of science, technology and overall research.
- KonferenzbeitragDevelopment of a Very Flexible Web based Database System for Environmental Research(Environmental Informatics and Systems Research, 2007) Krause, ReinerThis paper describes a database system that has been developed for storing and retrieving measurement data from climate research projects. The design principles concerning integration of diverse data types, versioning, access, distribution of workload, standardisation and project specific needs are explained. The data structure following an object oriented approach and resulting in a network of data items is shown. And chapters about provided tools and use cases enable the reader to imagine the user’s view of the system.