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- KonferenzbeitragA decision-making tool for a sustainable modal and spatial split of transalpine freight traffic(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Arnaud, RaphaëlleFreight traffic through the Alps is growing significantly. The better adaptability of road transport to the requirements of production and distribution systems explains why the growth concerns essentially this mode of transport. The expansion of road transport results in increased air pollution, noise, congestion, and safety concerns. The advent of the concept of sustainable development has called current modal split of freight traffic into questions. To complete the approach of the sustainable development problem which principally focuses on the temporal dimension, looking for equity between generations, this research proposes a territorial approach, looking for the spatial dimension and the equity inside generations. In this context, this research project develops a methodology for a tool, which will help decision-makers to assess the vulnerability of crossed areas considering freight traffic volumes (on railway and/or road) and the sensitivity of the receivers present on the crossed areas or components of these areas. This generic tool will provide a global view of freight traffic impacts on crossed areas like alpine valleys. The development of indicators will be helpful to reach a more sustainable freight traffic system, especially for decisions concerning modal and spatial transfers of transalpine freight traffic.
- KonferenzbeitragA Fuzzy Compromise Programming Environment for the ecological evaluation of land use options(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Thinh, Nguyen Xuan; Hedel, RalfIn this paper we describe an extension of the Compromise Programming (CP a multiple criteria optimization method) into Fuzzy Compromise Programming (FCP). By linking of Fuzzy modelling, CP and multiple criteria evaluation (MCE) into a Geographical Information System (GIS), we created a Fuzzy Compromise Programming Environment for the ecological evaluation of land use options as an AML-program (Arc Macro Language). After an introduction, a short description of a framework for GIS-based multiple criteria decision analysis is given in section 2. The section 3 describes the methodology of Hierarchical Fuzzy Evaluation. The section 4 deals with the extension of the CP into FCP. Finally, the section 5 reports about application results of the AML-program for the ecological evaluation of land use options in a suburbanisation area.
- KonferenzbeitragA General Communication Infrastructure for Sharing Environmental Data and Services(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Bandholtz, ThomasThis contribution has emerged from more than ten years of struggle with the integration of environmental data, starting with VISION-Umwelt in the early 90s (closely connected with the early UDK, respect to Helmut Lessing, Thomas Schütz, and Veronika Bachmann), going national with gein® in 1998 (Maria Rüther, Hartmut Streuff, Peter Treffler), expanding to geographic data infrastructure (GDI) in 2000 (IMAGI's GeoMIS.Bund, thanks to Jens Fitzke, Jürgen Walter and Jörg Sievers), visiting Sony Europe with an early SOAP interface (Dieter Lippkow, if he may read this) and reaching a preliminary plateau with Semantic Network Services (SNS, Maria again). From here, the view really is enchanting, if not breathtaking, when we consider what might be possible within the next few years. However, the mountain's crest is still a way to go, and a good climber has learned to develop some humbleness towards the final incomputability of the rocks. Some aspects of the imminent trail have been counseled in a feasibility study, drafting an Environmental Observation Integration Layer (with Gerlinde Knetsch, an exceptional "alpinist") in early 2004, and there might be a perceivable movement considering the ineluctable reunion of gein® and the UDK, which hopefully will not result in some kind of Romeo-and-Juliette colportage. To make the vision come true, we need a radical blueprint of a general communication infrastructure, sharing environmental data and services in true collaboration. Today, this rather is a question of culture, not of technology. My talk is intentionally provoking, addressing serious professionals who appreciate a true challenge. I am a free consultant now and have to make my living, but the ground is ambition, not bargaining.
- KonferenzbeitragA Humanistic Approach to the Problems of Waste Disposal at Baku - Tbilisi Ceyhan Pipeline Construction(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Kvinikhidze, K.; Enukidze, R.We are trying to take into consideration humanistic problems including economics, environmental and social conditions. In the process of pipeline construction a lot of problems may arise and the most essential one is waste disposal such as pipe-cuts, tyres, shavings, plastic bottles, metal drums, food waste and etc. As it is commonly known the simplest way of disposal is burring or burning of waste. For above motioned project we are going to propose more complicate, but more environmental friendly, reasonable and profitable methods, which is re-use and recycling of waste products. Such an approach would allow us to solve economic and social problems of the local population, create additional workforce, and develop medium and small production during the whole project. There are lots of legal acts and regulations concerning waste disposal, however, it seems impossible to envisage all details and specific features arising in the process of construction of this or that particular region, specific mentality, national and traditional customs of the population and physical natural resources and so on. The suggested model, being far from universal seems to enwrap the problem, leaving intact specific localities on the Georgian territory.
- KonferenzbeitragA methodology for the identification of weather types to assist air quality modelling from reservoir tracers emissions(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Sfetsos, Athanasios; Vlachogiannis, Diamando; Gounaris, Nikos; Stubos, Athanasios; Tagaris, Efthimios; Pilinis, Christodoulos; Chatzichistos, Christos; Kleven, ReidunThis paper presents a methodology for the determination of specific weather types and their representative days as a tool for the evaluation of atmospheric quality due to emissions of SF6 and PFCs during tracer reservoir technology programs in the North Sea. The methodology utilises observed and model derived information to identify groups of days that have common characteristics. The proposed approach is based on a rotated principal component analysis (r-PCA) module and the subtractive clustering algorithm. Subsequently, the transitional properties of successive days are examined in an attempt to identify weather characteristics of the examined area. The selected days were modelled with the 3-D photochemical model UAM-AERO, under different emissions scenarios. Atmospheric background concentrations of PFC and SF6 are not affected by the emissions of the oilrigs in the scenarios compiled with realistic emissions.
- KonferenzbeitragA new solution to improve climate change observations and modelling(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Solberg, RuneThe climate-change monitoring concept is one of the key result from the EuroClim project. It includes distributed sub-systems for extraction of cryospheric variables from remote sensing data, climate modelling, statistical analysis and a web-based system presenting the results. The concept may be generalised to other types of monitoring tasks, in particular tasks addressed by the GMES and GEO initiatives.
- KonferenzbeitragA Service Oriented Architecture for Web based Collaboration in MultiDisciplinary Environment-Water Projects(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Hildebrandt, Gerald; Holz, K.-PeterToday’s projects in the multi-disciplinary domain of environment-water are often composed of heterogeneous partners (e.g. engineering companies, consultants, researchers), which are distributed world wide. The rapid evolution of ICT and its potentials for communication, coordination and cooperation between partners are of great importance for the success of these projects. The paper will have a look at the increasing availability and capacity of computer networks, the trend towards team work and how complex environmental-engineering tasks can be solved and supported by today's ICT providing the involved teams the necessary information and software services at any time and location.
- KonferenzbeitragA survey of regional environmental data sources based on an ISO 19115 profile(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Peccol, Elisabetta; Muzzolini, V.The discovery of existing environmental data and the collection of the related metadata based on a consistent and standard method is a priority. Yet a common problem faced by public and private organisations involved in environmental impact assessment in Italy, is the lack of information about existing environmental data, particularly at local and regional level. A survey of environmental data sources for the territory of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region has been carried out for the local Regional Authority with the purpose of discovering data sources relevant to environmental impact assessment with priority for geographic and non-geographic datasets. The analysis of the most common metadata standards used to describe environmental data has shown that the ISO 19115 standard is suitable for the description of environmental information resources. Some aspects that could improve the applicability of the ISO norm in the environmental domain are presented. A profile for discovery metadata was developed to allow a standard description of data sources that is applicable to geographic and non-geographic datasets and was implemented in an ISO compliant meta-database.
- KonferenzbeitragA Thematic Perspective from the National Biological Information Infrastructure(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Frame, Michael T.; Cotter, Gladys A.
- KonferenzbeitragAdvanced analysis and modelling tools for spatial environmental data. Case study: indoor radon data in Switzerland(Sh@ring – EnviroInfo 2004, 2004) Kanevski, Mikhail; Maignan, Michel; Piller, GeorgesThe present work deals with development and adaptation of advanced geostatistical models and machine learning algorithms (statistical learning theory – Support Vector Machines) for comprehensive analysis and decision-oriented modelling of environmental spatial data. The real case study is based on indoor radon data. The inherent high variability at different spatial scales of noisy indoor radon measurements coupled with the heavy clustering effect of houses locations make this dataset an excellent candidate to assess the feasibility of traditional and advanced models, trend and risk mapping at local and regional scales.