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- BuchSoftware Engineering 2024 - Companion Proceedings (SE-C 2024)(2024) Dhungana, Deepak; Lambers, Leen; Bonorden, Leif; Henning, Sören
- KonferenzbeitragA Preliminary Survey of the State of the Art in Simulation-Based Development and Certification to Support Digital Aircraft Design Research(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Struck, Malte Christian; Weinert, Alexander; Schreiber, Andreas; Felderer, MichaelMany safety critical domains require certification of a product before it can be released to the market. On the one hand, simulations and digital methods allow for cheaper and faster assurance of properties. On the other hand, the new and different methodology implies completely new requirements. We provide a general overview of the field and focus on naming, use cases, stakeholders, and quality criteria. We also highlight the needs of simulation users for research. We show that the naming in the different domains for virtual certification is widely spread, but the research needs aim into the same direction.
- KonferenzbeitragTowards COTS component synchronization for low SWaP-C flight control systems(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Sax, Franz; Holzapfel, FlorianThe rise of innovative and novel fly-by-wire air vehicles like e-VTOLs for Advanced Air Mobility demands flight control systems whose components are low size, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C), but nevertheless offer high performance. One approach towards this mismatch is to use COTS components from e.g. the automotive sector and use their extensive features to enhance performance in a given system architecture. This paper describes one method of minimizing the latency in the communication between two COTS components by using an easily realizable algorithm with minimal memory, code and computation requirements for relative synchronization of the execution cycles of the components. A description of the resulting control problem, as well as simulation results from a dedicated MATLAB simulation environment are given. Those are then compared with an implementation on a representative set of devices from the EPUCOR flight control system.
- KonferenzbeitragCase Study: Securing MMU-less Linux Using CHERI(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Almatary, Hesham; Mazzinghi, Alfredo; Watson, Robert N. M.MMU-less Linux variant lacks security because it does not have protection or isolation mechanisms. It also does not use MPUs as they do not fit with its software model because of the design drawbacks of MPUs (i. e. coarse-grained protection with fixed number of protected regions). We secure the existing MMU-less Linux version of the RISC-V port using CHERI. CHERI is a hardware-software capability-based system that extends the ISA, toolchain, programming languages, operating systems, and applications in order to provide complete pointer and memory safety. We believe that CHERI could provide significant security guarantees for high-end dynamic MMU-less embedded systems at lower costs, compared to MMUs and MPUs, by: 1) building the entire software stack in pure-capability CHERI C mode which provides complete spatial memory safety at the kernel and user-level, 2) isolating user programs as separate ELFs, each with its own CHERI-based capability table; this provides spatial memory safety similar to what the MMU offers (i. e. user programs cannot access each other’s memory), 3) isolating user programs from the kernel as the kernel has its own capability table from the users and vice versa, and 4) compartmentalising kernel modules using CompartOS’ linkage-based compartmentalisation. This offers a new security front that is not possible using the current MMU-based Linux, where vulnerable/malicious kernel modules (e. g. device drivers) executing in the kernel space would not compromise or take down the entire system. These are the four main contributions of this paper, presenting novel CHERI-based mechanisms to secure MMU-less embedded Linux.
- KonferenzbeitragEnhancing System-model Quality: Evaluation of the MontiBelle Approach with the Avionics Case Study on a Data Link Uplink Feed System(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Kausch, Hendrik; Pfeiffer, Mathias; Raco, Deni; Rumpe, Bernhard; Schweiger, AndreasSoftware quality is often related directly to the quality of the models used throughout the development phases. Assuring model quality can thus be an important aspect for assuring the quality of the final product. Measuring model quality is done via different quality indicators. In this article, we investigate the influence of our holistic systems engineering methodology on model quality. An avionics case study was previously conducted using our methodology. The developed SysML v2 model artifacts are evaluated in this paper regarding internal and external model quality, as well as model notation quality. In total, the positive impact on 26 model quality indicators from our previous work is argued. These indicators are divided into intra-model (single artifact) quality indicators and inter-model (across model artifact) quality indicators. The inter-model quality indicators are further classified into indicators for models at the same granularity level (horizontal) and across several granularity levels (vertical). Multiple quality indicators are positively affected by the modeling language’s capabilities and the underlying mathematical semantics. Other indicators depend on methodological guidelines that steer the engineering process. The evaluation of model-quality properties leads towards maturing a holistic systems engineering methodology that facilitates high model quality and thus indicates high product quality.
- KonferenzbeitragReliable Generation of Formal Specifications using Large Language Models(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Kogler, Philipp; Falkner, Andreas; Sperl, SimonRecent pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising Natural Language Processing (NLP) and code generation abilities. However, the intrinsically unreliable output due to the probabilistic nature of LLMs imposes a major challenge as validity can generally not be guaranteed, making subsequent processing prone to errors. When LLMs are used to translate natural-language specifications to formal specifications, this limitation becomes evident. We propose a framework involving prompting and algorithmic post-processing that continuously interacts with the LLM to ensure strict syntactic validity and reasonable content correctness. Furthermore, we introduce a use-case in the domain of engineering processes for railway infrastructure and demonstrate that our approach is sufficiently mature for implementation in an industrial environment.
- KonferenzbeitragMode Management in Contract-Based Design(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Kröger, Janis; Fränzle, MartinNowadays, safety-critical systems are structured into several operating modes due to their various functionality. To evade inconsistent states in the specification and design, it is essential that these modes and their mode transitions are well defined. This entails a significant effort. This paper proposes an approach to coordinate mode changes between different components using a mode manager. Natural language patterns are designed to reduce the complexity of specifying mode changes. An example system ACC is used to illustrate the concept and patterns.
- KonferenzbeitragHyLiMo: A Textual DSL and Hybrid Editor for Efficient Modular Diagramming(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Krieger, NiklasDiagramming with precise layouting for scientific publications and technical documentations is time-consuming and cumbersome. Therefore, this work briefly presents HyLiMo, a tool for blended graphical and textual diagramming including live-synchronizing. This allows diagrammers to define diagrams textually and then adjust the layout graphically. An evaluation via two case studies confirmed the tool’s practicality in creating class diagrams with precise layouts. However, feedback suggests several features for future work.
- KonferenzbeitragA Universal Configuration Format for Avionics(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Chrysalidis, Philipp; Thielecke, FrankAvionics module configuration, especially in the face of advancing technologies, will become more complex as computational demands rise. This requires a robust and automated approach while adhering to industry standards. However, state-of-the-art configuration is still highly error-prone and suffers from various stakeholders working with unsynchronized and decentralized data. This causes unnecessary iterations, leading to delays in development. The Universal Configuration Format for Avionics (UCoF), integrated into the AvioNET framework, presents a forward-looking solution. UCoF, built upon a meta-model approach, strives to enhance the configuration process through model-based methods. It meets essential configuration management requirements and offers versatility by supporting the configuration of diverse avionic platforms. Combining essential data for configuring real avionics device families, implementation targets and network design grants users access to a comprehensive data set throughout the configuration process.
- KonferenzbeitragVerbesserung der Testqualität mit dem Testing Quality Audit(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Reißing, Ralf; Gomringer, Christoph; Houdek, FrankDie Entwicklung der Elektrik/Elektronik (E/E) im Automobil ist typischerweise verteilt auf den Fahrzeughersteller (OEM) und seine Zulieferer. Mitentscheidend für eine hohe Qualität der entwickelten Systeme ist eine hinreichende Absicherung der Erfüllung aller jeweils relevanten Anforderungen durch die beteiligten Parteien. Mercedes-Benz hat ab 2008 das Testing Quality Audit (TQA) eingeführt, um bei Bedarf die Güte der durchgeführten Testaktivitäten bei Zulieferern zu bewerten und zu verbessern. Dieser Beitrag stellt das TQA vor und diskutiert seineWeiterentwicklung über die Jahre seit der Einführung sowie die dabei gemachten Erfahrungen sowohl zum TQA-Ablauf als auch zu typischen Befunden bei den TQAs.