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- BuchSoftware Engineering 2024 - Companion Proceedings (SE-C 2024)(2024) Dhungana, Deepak; Lambers, Leen; Bonorden, Leif; Henning, Sören
- KonferenzbeitragA Preliminary Survey of the State of the Art in Simulation-Based Development and Certification to Support Digital Aircraft Design Research(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Struck, Malte Christian; Weinert, Alexander; Schreiber, Andreas; Felderer, MichaelMany safety critical domains require certification of a product before it can be released to the market. On the one hand, simulations and digital methods allow for cheaper and faster assurance of properties. On the other hand, the new and different methodology implies completely new requirements. We provide a general overview of the field and focus on naming, use cases, stakeholders, and quality criteria. We also highlight the needs of simulation users for research. We show that the naming in the different domains for virtual certification is widely spread, but the research needs aim into the same direction.
- KonferenzbeitragTowards COTS component synchronization for low SWaP-C flight control systems(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Sax, Franz; Holzapfel, FlorianThe rise of innovative and novel fly-by-wire air vehicles like e-VTOLs for Advanced Air Mobility demands flight control systems whose components are low size, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C), but nevertheless offer high performance. One approach towards this mismatch is to use COTS components from e.g. the automotive sector and use their extensive features to enhance performance in a given system architecture. This paper describes one method of minimizing the latency in the communication between two COTS components by using an easily realizable algorithm with minimal memory, code and computation requirements for relative synchronization of the execution cycles of the components. A description of the resulting control problem, as well as simulation results from a dedicated MATLAB simulation environment are given. Those are then compared with an implementation on a representative set of devices from the EPUCOR flight control system.
- KonferenzbeitragEnhancing System-model Quality: Evaluation of the MontiBelle Approach with the Avionics Case Study on a Data Link Uplink Feed System(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Kausch, Hendrik; Pfeiffer, Mathias; Raco, Deni; Rumpe, Bernhard; Schweiger, AndreasSoftware quality is often related directly to the quality of the models used throughout the development phases. Assuring model quality can thus be an important aspect for assuring the quality of the final product. Measuring model quality is done via different quality indicators. In this article, we investigate the influence of our holistic systems engineering methodology on model quality. An avionics case study was previously conducted using our methodology. The developed SysML v2 model artifacts are evaluated in this paper regarding internal and external model quality, as well as model notation quality. In total, the positive impact on 26 model quality indicators from our previous work is argued. These indicators are divided into intra-model (single artifact) quality indicators and inter-model (across model artifact) quality indicators. The inter-model quality indicators are further classified into indicators for models at the same granularity level (horizontal) and across several granularity levels (vertical). Multiple quality indicators are positively affected by the modeling language’s capabilities and the underlying mathematical semantics. Other indicators depend on methodological guidelines that steer the engineering process. The evaluation of model-quality properties leads towards maturing a holistic systems engineering methodology that facilitates high model quality and thus indicates high product quality.
- KonferenzbeitragCase Study: Securing MMU-less Linux Using CHERI(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Almatary, Hesham; Mazzinghi, Alfredo; Watson, Robert N. M.MMU-less Linux variant lacks security because it does not have protection or isolation mechanisms. It also does not use MPUs as they do not fit with its software model because of the design drawbacks of MPUs (i. e. coarse-grained protection with fixed number of protected regions). We secure the existing MMU-less Linux version of the RISC-V port using CHERI. CHERI is a hardware-software capability-based system that extends the ISA, toolchain, programming languages, operating systems, and applications in order to provide complete pointer and memory safety. We believe that CHERI could provide significant security guarantees for high-end dynamic MMU-less embedded systems at lower costs, compared to MMUs and MPUs, by: 1) building the entire software stack in pure-capability CHERI C mode which provides complete spatial memory safety at the kernel and user-level, 2) isolating user programs as separate ELFs, each with its own CHERI-based capability table; this provides spatial memory safety similar to what the MMU offers (i. e. user programs cannot access each other’s memory), 3) isolating user programs from the kernel as the kernel has its own capability table from the users and vice versa, and 4) compartmentalising kernel modules using CompartOS’ linkage-based compartmentalisation. This offers a new security front that is not possible using the current MMU-based Linux, where vulnerable/malicious kernel modules (e. g. device drivers) executing in the kernel space would not compromise or take down the entire system. These are the four main contributions of this paper, presenting novel CHERI-based mechanisms to secure MMU-less embedded Linux.
- KonferenzbeitragModularization Guidelines to Support Control Software Variability in IEC 61499(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Sharma, Shubham; Hager, Anna-Lena; Zoitl, AloisIn the field of Cyber-Physical Production System (CPPS), a substantial number of control software components are integrated with legacy software. This legacy control software has existed in industries for decades and faces maintenance problems due to sub-optimal tool support. Consequently, rigid software structures have emerged, making maintenance difficult and necessitating better support for managing variability. These legacy systems contain an enormous volume of control software, making it impractical to transform manually in terms of variability management. Additionally, there is a growing demand for variability to accommodate to customer-specific requirements. Control software must be flexible and modular enough to fulfill diverse project-specific needs. Guidelines are required to assist control system engineers in determining which control software components must be refactored and which can be left unchanged. We investigated legacy control software from industrial use cases, identified problem areas, and gathered lessons learned. These lessons have been translated into guidelines for future control software modularization. Hence, in this paper, we present a set of guidelines aimed at modularizing IEC 61499 control software, specifically focusing on enhancing control software variability for variability-intensive CPPS.
- KonferenzbeitragCode Smell Detection using Features from Version History(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Engeln, UlrikeCode smells are indicators of bad quality in software. There exist several detection techniques for smells, which mainly base on static properties of the source code. Those detectors usually show weak performance in detection of context-sensitive smells since static properties hardly capture information about relations in the code. To address this information gap, we propose a strategy to extract information about interdependencies from version history. We use static and the new historical features to identify code smells by a random forest. Experiments show that the introduced historical features improve detection of code smells that focus on interdependencies.
- KonferenzbeitragTowards the Transformation of Heterogeneous Language Components(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Zhang, JingxiThe expanding number of language workbenches (LWB) has opened up numerous ways of developing domain-specific languages (DSL). Essential components of a DSL are grammar, generator and validation rules. However, the diversity of these DSLs presents challenges when composing language components across LWBs. Our work is dedicated to connecting these disparate language components into a homogeneous DSL. With our transformation concept, we propose a novel way to transform DSLs and demonstrate its practicality on XText and MontiCore, while highlighting encountered challenges and valuable insights. Our work advances the understanding of composing heterogeneous language components by providing a framework for transforming DSLs across the boundaries of LWBs.
- KonferenzbeitragEnhancing DO-178C/DO-331 Based Process-Oriented Build Tool: Integration of System Composer and Automated PIL Simulation(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Panchal, Purav; Dmitriev, Konstantin; Myschik, StephanThe growing utilization of software in safety-critical systems can be attributed to advancing technology and substantial interest within aerospace and space industries. However, this increased reliance on software to enhance avionic system functionality raises crucial safety questions, emphasizing the need for compliance with standards like DO-178C/DO-331. To facilitate development, a process-oriented build tool was created in MATLAB/Simulink. This tool enhances development efficiency and ensures adherence to established processes, offering benefits like modular software management, systematic artifact handling with traceability, seamless integration with various verification tools, automated model and code verification, and a well-defined design environment. Recently, two new advancements have been made to the tool, integration of System Composer for developing software architecture and automated processor-in-the-loop (PIL) verification using Trace32. This paper presents these new developments along with examples.
- KonferenzbeitragA Universal Configuration Format for Avionics(SE 2024 - Companion, 2024) Chrysalidis, Philipp; Thielecke, FrankAvionics module configuration, especially in the face of advancing technologies, will become more complex as computational demands rise. This requires a robust and automated approach while adhering to industry standards. However, state-of-the-art configuration is still highly error-prone and suffers from various stakeholders working with unsynchronized and decentralized data. This causes unnecessary iterations, leading to delays in development. The Universal Configuration Format for Avionics (UCoF), integrated into the AvioNET framework, presents a forward-looking solution. UCoF, built upon a meta-model approach, strives to enhance the configuration process through model-based methods. It meets essential configuration management requirements and offers versatility by supporting the configuration of diverse avionic platforms. Combining essential data for configuring real avionics device families, implementation targets and network design grants users access to a comprehensive data set throughout the configuration process.