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- KonferenzbeitragA Cellular Automata Model for Flow-like Landslides with Numerical Simulations of Subaerial and Subaqueous Cases(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Avolio, Maria Vittoria; Lupiano, Valeria; Mazzanti, Paolo; Di Gregorio, SalvatoreNumerical modelling is a major challenge in the prevention of risks related to the occurrence of subaerial and subaqueous landslides. SCIDDICA-SS2 and SCIDDICA-SS2blocks are Macroscopic Cellular Automata models, developed for the simulations of combined subaerial-subaqueous flow-like landslides. SCIDDICA-SS2 was firstly validated on the 1997 subaerial subaqueous debris flow at Lake Albano (Rome, Italy). This paper outlines the last version of the model, slightly improved and which was extended in order to simulate landslide characterized by large blocks inside the main landslide debris. The paper presents applications of the model to a completely submarine landslide, occurred between November 2007 and September 2008, in the nearshore of Bagnara Calabra town (Italy) and to the catastrophic M. Pacì rock-avalanche occurred on February 6, 1783 (Scilla, Italy). Simulation results of Bagnara Calabra submarine landslide by SCIDDICA-SS2 show a strong convergence between the real and simulated areas affected by the event. Furthermore, numerical analyses by SCIDDICA-SS2blocks demonstrate the ability of the model to simulate rock avalanches characterized by large blocks.
- KonferenzbeitragA component based approach for overall Environmental Management Information Systems (EMIS) integration and implementation(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Giesen, Nils; Hashemi Farzad, Tabassom; Marx Gómez, JorgeThe integration of Environmental Management Information Systems (EMIS) into the existing business information systems of an enterprise is still a complex and expensive assignment. By creating a intelligent software system, the integration and implementation of EMIS in existing systems can be simplified. By following a new procedure model and using a framework, individual solutions in integration and implementation of an environmental information management system in the enterprise wide software landscape can be realized, followed by a self-critical survey, allowing a assessment of the effectiveness of the chosen approach for the individual needs.
- KonferenzbeitragA Data Warehousing and Data Mining Tool for Environmental Accounting(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Yu, Ting; Lenzen, Manfred; Dey, Chris; Badcock, JeremyThis paper presents an integrated intelligent system being capable of automatically estimating and updating largesize input-output tables for the environmental accounting. This system is a comprehensive solution covering from the data collection and integration, querying, analyzing and presentation. The environmental accounting addresses how to correctly measure the greenhouse gas emission of an organization. Among the various environmental accounting methods, the Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) method uses information about industry transactions-purchases of materials by one industry from other industries, and the information about direct environmental emissions of industries, to estimate the total emissions throughout the whole supply chain. The core engine of the EIO-LCA is the input-output table. This intelligent system is able to interpret and follow users’ XML-based query scripts, retrieve data from various sources and integrate for the following data mining components. The data mining component bases on a unique mining algorithm which estimates the input-output tables from the historical data and the spatial data simultaneously. This mining algorithm runs over the parallel computer to enable the system to estimate a matrix of the size up to 3000-by-3000.
- KonferenzbeitragA web-GIS tool for industrial symbiosis − Preliminary results and perspectives(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Massard, Guillaume; Erkman, SurenCycling the use of material in product manufacturing is the conceptual framework of industrial ecology. Within this context, industrial symbiosis creates physical exchanges of materials, energy, water, and/or by-products among economic activities that are collocated or spread through a state or region. Detecting and assessing potential industrial symbiosis and promoting eco-industrial development on a multifunctional territory call for decision support methodologies and tools. Information on material flows needs to be stored in a way that allows data treatment to detect potential exchanges of residues and service mutualization and to assess their feasibility. A database was created to store data on economic activities, manufacturing processes and related material and energy flows. A clearly defined terminology allows application of algorithms for treatment and retrieval of information. In addition, a geographic information system interface (web-GIS) was developed as technical and decision support tool for engineers and territorial planners. It allows, among other things, the detection and the visualization of potential exchanges, the assessment of technical and geographical feasibility, the detection of new potential partners within the manufacturing activities and the identification of optimal location for new facilities based on material flows consideration. Interactions with other spatial layers extend the detection to other economic activities such as agriculture, housing or services. The methodology and the tool developed aim at providing useful information for a more efficient and local use of resources. They may be a valuable instrument in the hands of public and private institutions seeking information on manufactures and their organization. This paper aims at establishing how a web-GIS tool for industrial symbiosis may support decision making in industrial and territorial planning. This paper focuses on the experience initiated by the state and republic of Geneva (Switzerland). Since 2004, the state’s Agenda 21 supports a project aiming at detecting and implementing industrial symbiosis on its territory.
- KonferenzbeitragAnalysis and Use of Information and Communication Tools in Economics of Climate Change(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Chiabai, AlineThe use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the context of climate change is of great importance in the scientific community, but can also play an important role in the policy context. On the one hand, the results achievable for mitigation and adaptation are influencing the policy arena, and on the other hand these instruments represent an opportunity for decision-makers of applying innovative forms of public administration based on stakeholder’s involvement, which can reduce the existing gap between policy-makers and citizens (Oates, 2003). The paper provides an analysis of the main ICT tools and methods used in climate change economics by means of a questionnaire-based survey and focus groups discussion with specific experts in this context. The issues addressed are related with the use and relevance of ICT in the different research area of climate change, the perceived usefulness of these tools, and their importance in the scientific, economic and policy contexts. The main problems and limitations of ICT are investigated, together with the potentiality they can play in future research.
- KonferenzbeitragAnthropogenic impact evaluation and material stream optimization by artificial intelligence(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Pollmann, Olaf; Meyer, SvenTo evaluate the anthropogenic impact of pollutants on the environment or material streams in the natural circle it is indispensable to use the benefits of computer systems – in particular artificial intelligence. Most of impact factors are time related and therefore difficult to calculate and to optimize in a natural environmental system. By using evolutionary algorithms as a part of the artificial intelligence to simulate, estimate and evaluate pollutants or specific materials it makes it possible to evaluate the impact on the environment and to optimize material streams in nature or recycling streams. Evolutionary algorithms are used in two different applications: optimizing recycling material streams and anthropogenic impact evaluation. To optimize recycling material streams, the production process as well as the quality of the products must be known. With knowledge of these requirements it is possible to use evolutionary algorithms for the optimization of recycling material streams. Similar to that is the evaluation of anthropogenic impacts. For this application different states of impact are determined and compared with anthropogenic uninfluenced situations. Because of plenty time related impact factors only the use of evolutionary algorithms shows effective evaluation results. The benefit of these applications is the fast and precise calculation of the local and global optima of the optimizing problem. This calculation method uses the benefits of the biological reproduction by applications of mutation, selection and recombination to find one of the best results in a huge amount of possible and potential results. For the use of recycling materials in the production process of new materials it could be proved that in spite of high quotes of recycling materials in different material classes, no quality was lost.
- KonferenzbeitragApplying Fixed Box Model to Calculate the Temporal Variance of the Concentration of PM10 in Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi (Vietnam)(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Ho, Pham Ngoc; Bach, Duong Ngoc; Manh, Vu VanThis report presents the initial research results of applying the Fixed Box Model to calculate the temporal variance of the concentration of particulate matter of 10 micrometers (PM10) one of the air pollutants that most commonly affects people's health. The input parameters (area source capacity of PM10, wind speed, mixing height, size of area source) were estimated based on the area source emission inventory results including: road source, mobile source, construction source, industry source and household domestic source in Thanh Xuan District. This emission inventory project was carried out from 9/2007 to 3/2008 by Hanoi Center for Environmental and Natural Resources Monitoring and Analysis (CENMA) and Research Center for Environmental Monitoring and Modeling (CEMM) Hanoi University of Science, of which, CEMM played a consultative role. The project was sponsored by the Swiss Vietnamese Clean Air Program (SVCAP). The results show that: -The graph describing the temporal variance of the concentration of PM10 has an exponential function, rising gradually until it reaches a saturated state. -Concentration of PM10 C(t) is in inverse proportion to wind speed (U) and mixing height (H) at a fixed box length (L) and area source capacity (Ms). -There exists a specific time constant τ for life time of pollutants in each case. -The results from the Fixed Box Model are verified by real data get high accuracy.
- KonferenzbeitragBasics of Water Pricing and Necessity to Model Municipal Water Pricing(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Bartoszczuk, PawełThe paper presents a brief overview of water pricing changes in the last two decades in Poland and impacts to demand and water price levels. Moreover, a model is proposed relating water price to water sales, production, average cost resumed in a relationship between current and previous period prices. This model results in a price convergence situation where the equilibrium price depends on the above mentioned parameters. Consequences for the water supply system of lower demand are presented.
- KonferenzbeitragBringing together Environmental Informatics and Industrial Ecology − The role of ICT in industrial symbiosis projects(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Isenmann, Ralf
- KonferenzbeitragBuilding a Soil Information Portal for Europe based on the PortalU Technology(Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools, 2009) Feiden, Katharina; Klenke, Martin; Kruse, Fred; Konstantinidis, StefanieThe availability and accessibility of environmental information has become a key concern for public and private bodies within Europe in the recent years. The European Environmental Information Directive (EEID, 2003/4/EC), the Directive for establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information (INSPIRE, 2007/2/EC) as well as further initiatives of the EU like the Shared Environmental Information System (SEIS) emphasizes the European-wide need to improve the access to environmental information. Especially the web-based supply of the huge amount of spatial environmental data deserves particularly attention because high organisational efforts and financial expenses are necessary to improve the access to this kind of data. While INSPIRE and its Implementing Rules (IR) give the framework to establish a European spatial data infrastructure, vital obstacles in reference to harmonization and interoperability of data and services as well as in reference to the organisational structure are not removed yet. The project GS Soil “Assessment and strategic development of INSPIRE compliant Geodata-Services for European Soil Data” aims to make a contribution to remove these obstacles by establishing a European web portal for soil information (GS Soil Portal). Within the project 34 partners from 18 European member states are involved and the project is co-funded by the European Community programme eContentplus. The project duration is from June 2009 until May 2012. Overall it will focus on data organisation, data harmonisation as well as semantic and technical interoperability with the objective to produce seamless spatial information in terms of INSPIRE (European Union 2007). Both the description and harmonisation of European spatial soil data and the operation of a corresponding spatial data infrastructure will take centre stage. Out of the 34 partners, soil data are provided for all 18 involved European member states mainly on national level and partly on regional level. That means 67 % of the 27 European Member States will provide soil data for the project. These data build a sufficient base to analyse and improve the access to the different kinds of digital content. As technical base InGrid®, the technology of the German Environmental Information Portal PortalU®, will be used to build up the GS Soil Portal, where all decentralized distributed soil data are bundled. In the GS Soil Portal all soil related information from web pages, over data bases to data catalogues will be made available and accessible. Search results will be ranked and listed in shared result lists and spatial soil data from OGC compatible Web Mapping Services (WMS) and Web Feature Services (WFS) will be visualized in a map viewer.