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- KonferenzbeitragAir Quality Management Via the Forecasting Models(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Holnicki, Piotr; Kałuszko, AndrzejThe paper addresses the possible applications of air pollution forecasting models for supporting decisions concerning regional strategy of emission abatement or the real-time emission control. The approach is based on the integration of a dynamic, air pollution forecasting model with the respective optimization techniques. The first problem (static optimization) consists in the optimal selection of emission reduction technologies within a given set of power plants. The second problem is formulated as on-line minimization of an environmental cost function, by the respective modification of emission level in the controlled sources, according to the changing meteorological conditions. The formulation of the gradient optimization algorithm is based on the necessary optimality conditions for the problem. The test computations have been performed for the above tasks, basing on the set of the major power plants in the industrial region of Upper Silesia (Poland).
- KonferenzbeitragModelling the Hydrodynamics and Water Quality of the Vltava River Reservoir Cascade(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Růžička, Martin; Hejzlar, Josef; Jarošík, JiříMathematical modelling is an efficient tool for evaluation of impacts of human activities and environmental changes on water quality in rivers and reservoirs. This contribution describes simulations of water quality in the Vltava River reservoir system, namely cascade of reservoirs Hněvkovice, Orlík, Kamýk, Slapy, Štěchovice, and Vrané. The twodimensional water quality model CE-QUAL-W2 was used for this task over years 2000 to 2003. Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and evaluation of the model were done. The model gave good results in particular for hydrodynamics, water temperature, and conservative constituents because of good quality of available hydrological and meteorological input data. The accuracy of results was strongly depended on the quality of input data and sampling frequency. Minor problems occurred in water quality simulations based on monthly input data in periods with fluctuating discharges.
- KonferenzbeitragThe Hydrological IT Framework of the Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration, Germany(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Michl, Christian; Steinmann, Frank; Reineke, AnjaThe Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration (WSV) in Germany provides as main tasks the safe and easy of inland and coastal shipping transport. To assure these main tasks information technology (IT) solutions and their operation are playing a major role. As central IT support and development section the Federal Waterway and Research Institute with their Information Technology Division are in charge for these developments. Beginning in the year 2000 the hydrological IT framework was redesigned to generate a structured data flow combining the elements of data acquisition, data processing and data distribution providing a standardised intranet solution and an e- Government application. The data acquisition using different telemetric systems as well as on- and offline components were standardised introducing a simultaneous online data transfer system which is connected to regional hydrological data storages. The regional hydrological data storages are grouped in three Citrix Metaframe terminal server farms split in seven server locations and providing the hydrological application software. For the data acquisition the WISKI workbench systems of the Kisters AG is used; existing of different modules for data validation, standardised reporting, stage and flow regulations, tidal and stream flow analysis. Using the Citrix Secure Gateway technology and web interface the internet access for the operation of the system is guaranteed and all components can be used from variable access. Server balancing and WISKI backup database servers provide a high working performance and security. The regional hydrological data storages provide the raw and analysed data to a central hydrological information system for the flood and storm tide warning service, e-Government applications, archiving of historical data and further distribution services.
- KonferenzbeitragDevelopment of an Agent-based Model to Analyse the Effect of Renewable Energy on Electricity Markets(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Genoese, Massimo; Sensfuß, Frank; Weidlich, Anke; Möst, Dominik; Rentz, OttoIn this paper we present a bottom-up modelling approach of electric power and CO2-certificate markets including a detailed modelling of renewables using agent-based simulation: The PowerACE model. It has been developed at the Institute for Industrial Production, the Chair for Information Management and Systems (University of Karlsruhe) and the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research. The market players of the German electricity market are modelled as independent entities. It is well suited to consider different strategies of market players and testing different market mechanisms.
- KonferenzbeitragNumerical Modelling and Analysis of Water Free Surface Flows∗(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Dabaghi, Fadi; El Kacimi, Abdellah; Kada Kloucha, Chakib; Mezali, Farouk; Nakhle, BassamVarious environmental engineering applications related to water resources involve unsteady free surface flows. A full 3D models based on Navier-Stokes equations are a good description of the physical features concerning several phenomena as for example lake eutrophication, transport of pollutant, flood in rivers, watershed, etc. However these models are characterized by an important computational effort, that we aim to reduce in some case by the help of 2D models or by appropriate coupling models of different dimensions and by the use of the parallel algorithmic trough HPCN facilities. In this work, we present an overview of some approximations methodologies and techniques for an efficient numerical modelling of water free surface problems in a finite element context.
- KonferenzbeitragEuropean Energy System Models for the Analysis of Interdependencies Among Relevant Markets(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Perlwitz, Holger; Cail, Sylvain; Möst, Dominik; Rentz, OttoIn the last decade, the European energy supply sector has faced far-reaching structural changes such as market liberalisation and stronger environmental laws that have led to new market structures and a new competitive environment. The ongoing discussion on emission reduction targets and climate change mitigation strategies threatens to cause new modifications for energy supply companies. This paper presents two PERSEUS-CERT3 model upgrades which focus on the interdependencies among decisive developments in the energy market, especially in the context of emission reduction strategies. These are, on the one hand, a more detailed representation of the European gas supply sector and, on the other hand, a sophisticated representation of demand side measures to increase energy efficiency.
- KonferenzbeitragAnalysis of Residential Heat Consumption and Building Data(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Krüger, Birgitta; Kleemann, Manfred
- KonferenzbeitragApplication of GIS Analysis and CRES DSS for Optimal Design of Combustion Facility for Biomass(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Boukalová, Zuzana; Heller, Jakub; Kořán, Petr; Malamatenios, Charalambos; Petříková, VlastaDesign of facilities for conversion of biomass into heat or electrical energy requires detailed preparatory spatial analysis of the area concerned. Within a case study of 5th FP research project ENERGY FOREST (NNE5-2002- 00049) in Chomutov district (Czech Republic), a pilot application of integrated GIS analysis and CRES DSS decision support system (developed within another project) was performed to identify total amounts of available biomass and to design the combustion (steam turbine technology) facility in terms of its optimal placement and installed power. Suitable energy crops and expected yearly energy yields were calculated on the base of GIS analysis of the concerned territory using an integrated parameter of soil productivity for each cadaster of the district. Several alternatives of the conversion unit design were tested for various scenarios of biomass supplies and different locations of the facility. Economical parameters of each alternative were taken as crucial factors for selection of optimal facility design. Other factors like environmental protection, landuse, agricultural traditions and techniques, accessibility of terraine and others were taken into consideration for assessment of the amount of the biomass available, which was, in spatial form, an input parameter for testing of various alternatives.
- KonferenzbeitragModelling the Magnetosphere with Maple(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Cheb-Terrab, Edgardo S.; Cooper, Jim; Wilson, Bary W.Environmental systems are often large and complex. It is by modeling and simulation that such systems can be understood and environmental changes predicted. This approach involves both mathematical (paper and pencil) and computational (numerical) activities. The former requires knowledge and focused concentration to avoid errors in the intermediate steps. Development of skills for the latter component typically represents an obstacle as well. This working landscape is changing with the advent of interactive mathematical systems, like Maple. A Maple document captures the analytic modelling, driven by a large body of mathematical algorithms, as well as numerical experiments, supported with an efficient computational engine. In this paper, we illustrate the application of Maple as a modeling tool to mathematically describe the earth’s magnetosphere. Instead of using empirical data, the description includes a simplified analytic model of the interaction between the solar wind and the earth magnetic field. This allows for plotting and visualization of the relevant phenomena directly from the model. This equation based approach, derived directly from first principles and a fundamental understanding of the magnetosphere, can provide adequate understanding and prediction capabilities without resorting to classical brute force finite element and finite difference simulation models.
- KonferenzbeitragMathematical Modeling of Environmental Pollution in Urban Canyon(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Perminov, ValeriyIn connection with the estimate of environmental pollution by the action of motor transport, the prediction of the process influence on ground layer state of the atmosphere is of interest. In the present paper it is planned to develop mathematical model for description of heat and mass transfer processes and predicting velocity, temperature and pollution concentrations near roadway since the automobile is a major contributor to air pollution. Methods of predicting concentrations of automobile exhaust gases near roadways are needed for the planning and design of roads and nearby structures.