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- KonferenzbeitragA Food Supply and Demand Assessment Uder the Future Global Warming Uing GIS(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Mori, Shunsuke; Doi, Takahiro; Ido, akafumi; Kato, Masahiro; Morimoto, ShinichiroIt is now well understood that the global warming will affect the agricultural production through the changes of ecological systems and the damages of land by sea-level rise, although the warmer climate and the higher concentration of CO2 contribute to the photosynthesis of the crops due to the potential loss of cropland and the precipitation change. High temperature damage on the rice production should also be taken into account. While many assessment investigations on the food supply potential have been developed, few have achieved the food demand considering the changes of dietary issues. This study aims at the assessment of the future demand-supply interactions under the future global warming using GIS. The current study shows us that although the global warming could contribute to the world food production, the negative impacts will appear in the developing regions and thus both the land and water management issue and the distribution of food issue will become more important.
- KonferenzbeitragA GIS Mapping Framework for the Cultural Site/Route Management of the Mundo Maya Sustainable Tourism Program(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Kokalj, Žiga; Pehani, Peter; Podobnikar, Tomaž; Goodchild, Helen; Gaffney, Vince; Oštir, KrištofThe Maya World covers approximately 500,000 square kilometres in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Mexico and includes a 1,000-kilometre shoreline that is part of the Meso-American reef system, a number of terminal mountain ranges and a tropical forest. The region is not only beautiful, but also vital to the Earth’s environment, as we know it. The paper describes a geographic information system (GIS) mapping framework, guidelines and implementation of the internet mapping site, containing an interactive map with the appropriate visual and contextual tools that allow dedicated management of the region’s cultural sites and routes. A large set of data from different sources, of different quality and completeness, has been obtained, modified and prepared for internet use. The processed data layers provide general information on the Mundo Maya project, areas of interest, human activity and organization as well as basic landscape features. While designing the functional and structural framework of the GIS mapping site, the following basic concepts were considered: it has to serve various potential users, including environmental managers, ministries of tourism, academic institutes, private sector and the general public; it has to be simple, easily understandable and manageable; at the same time it has to allow basic analysis. The strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities that may occur with the establishment of an internet GIS site have also been taken into account. The Mundo Maya Sustainable Tourism Program mapping site has successfully demonstrated the potential of internet GIS technology. Nevertheless the initial investment will be justified only if the site is used, fully exploited and further developed.
- KonferenzbeitragA Method for Detecting Breakpoints in Array CGH data.(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Budinská, Eva; Gelnarová, EvaIn present, microarray CGH experiments became a powerful technique for analysing changes in DNA, by comparing control DNA and DNA of interest. This is widely used for example in genome cancer or species distinguishing studies. The method produce huge amount of data and special statistic techniques for detecting copy number changes regions are necessary. We propose a new method for detecting “breakpoints” in DNA. The performance of the method is demonstrated using publicly available data set.
- KonferenzbeitragA New and Flexible Architecture for the German Environmental Information Network(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Vögele, homas; Klenke, Martin; Kruse, Fred; Groschupf, StefanSince the year 2000, the German Environmental Information Network gein® provides access to government-owned environmental information of 15 German federal states and the German federal government. In response to the new requirements for public access to environmental information based on EU-directive 2003/4/EC, gein® currently undergoes a complete technical re-design. The resulting new software (InGrid 1.0) will be used to build Portal-U, an improved central information portal which replaces gein®. In addition, InGrid offers state- and municipal authorities a tool to set up their own information portals and to construct a flexible network of interconnected information nodes. This new technical infrastructure is needed to include, as required by the EU-directive, a much larger number of providers of environmental information, including agencies on the local level. It is also needed to be able to provide better access to environmental information that is not yet online or belongs to the so-called “hidden web”. To support direct access to environmental data and metadata, the new system architecture features distributed indices based on highly adaptable database interfaces and a self-administrating P2P communication infrastructure. A number of standardized interfaces, including a web catalog service conforming to OGC standards, enable Portal-U and other information nodes in the network to benefit from and contribute to other data infrastructures, like the German national geodata infrastructure (GDI-DE) and INSPIRE.
- KonferenzbeitragA New Approach to Solve Data Defects in Material Flow Networks(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Arco, Leticia; Bonet, Isis; García, Lourdes; Marx Gómez, Jorge; Rautenstrauch, ClausEco-balances are the basis for assessing production impacts on environment and creation of environmental reports. Creation of an eco-balance is supported by the software tool Umberto®. In Umberto material and energy flows, required for the production of inventory analysis, will be designed by means of material flow networks. This tool allows modelling the material flow networks using Petri Nets. During the creation and evaluation of material flow networks there appear some defects, which inhibit or make it more difficult to establish realistic statements towards environmental impacts. Therefore, in the following paper the defects in material flow networks will be discussed in detail. The classification of defects is followed by the analysis of defect causes and possible solution attempts to their removal will be presented. We propose a new solution attempt using Petri Nets, Neural Networks and Case Based Reasoning in order to solve missing data process and incorrect data in material flow networks.
- KonferenzbeitragA Qualitative Multi-attribute Model for Economic and Ecological Evaluation of Genetically Modified Crops(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Bohanec, Marko; Messéan, Antoine; Scatasta, Sara; Džeroski, Sašo; Žnidaršič, MartinThe use of genetically modified (GM) crops raises several concerns about their ecological and economic consequences. For the purpose of the European projects ECOGEN and SIGMEA, we develop qualitative multi-attribute hierarchical models for the assessment of GM and non-GM cropping systems. In this paper, we describe a model for the assessment of ecological and economic impacts of GM and non-GM maize cropping systems at the farm level for one year of cropping. In this model, cropping systems are described by the features: crop type, regional and farmlevel context, crop protection and crop management strategies, and expected characteristics of the yield. The assessment is based on four groups of ecological and two groups of economic indicators: biodiversity, soil biodiversity, water quality, greenhouse gasses, variable costs and the value of production. The paper presents the hierarchical structure and components of the model, and illustrates its application by assessing five typical cropping systems.
- KonferenzbeitragA Thesaurus for Remote Sensing and GIS: Preliminary Version and Future Plans(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Grignetti, Alessandra; Plini, Paolo; Mazzocchi, Fulvio; De Santis, ValentinaThe preliminary results of a work of selection and organisation of a terminology on remote sensing and GIS are presented. The terminological system contains around 2.700 terms and it is arranged according to the EARTh thesaurus semantic model. It is foreseen an updated and expanded version of this system.
- KonferenzbeitragA three-year Analysis of the Biomass Burning Season in Southeast Mexico by Using a Contextual Fire Detection Algorithm(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Montero-Martinez, Martin J.; Polanco-Martinez, Josue M.A three-year analysis of the biomass burning season in southeast Mexico and northern Guatemala, by far the region with most burning in Central America, is presented in this study. We use a contextual algorithm implemented in our group three years ago. The algorithm is based in Justice (1996) originally developed to be used with AVHRR data, but we readapted it to work with GOES data. Even though some spatial resolution is lost when we use GOES data in comparison with AVHRR, a large increment on time resolution is gained. This permits to detect on-time and continuously monitor fires in a given area, which is quite useful for environmental and civil protection government institutions. The algorithm (called here ADFA) has been monitoring fires in the study area since 2003 during the biomass burning season (approximately from March to May). The results indicate that this year biomass burning season was the most active of the three years. On the other hand, the main of sources of burning also varied from year to year. In 2003 the main burning sources were located in north-western Guatemala, and the peak was found in April; while for 2004, the main burning sources were located in middle Chiapas (Mexico) during April that year; finally, 2005 was somewhat similar to 2003, but the main sources in Guatemala moved a little bit to the south compared to that year.
- KonferenzbeitragA Very Flexible Web based Database System for Environmental Research(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Krause, Reiner
- KonferenzbeitragA Water Quality Simulation Model for a Lowland River-lake System(Informatics for Environmental Protection - Networking Environmental Information, 2005) Luther, Bernhard; Gnauck, Albrecht; Meisch-Peschew, AlexanderPolluted water affects not only the functioning of freshwater ecosystems and various water uses, but risks human health. One of the long-term environmental problems of freshwater ecosystem management is the control of eutrophication. It is characterised by an intensive increase of dissolved nutrients in water bodies, by excessive growth of plants, mainly algae, and by restricted water uses due to anoxic water conditions as well as by odour problems. It refers to intensive man-made activities in the river catchment. The simulation framework presented consists of a combination of the MATLAB based simulation models SpreeMod and HavelMod. The simulator SpreeMod describes water quality changes along a river stretch while the simulator HavelMod covers water quality changes in shallow riverine lakes. Both simulators are coupled by interfaces which switch the model type from river to lake and vice versa. This simulation framework covers not only a long distance but also different types of freshwater ecosystems with changing dynamic water quality behaviour. Model state variables are phytoplankton, zooplankton, orthophosphate phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand. External driving forces are photoperiod, solar radiation and water temperature. For simulation input sampled raw data are treated by interpolation methods to generate equidistant data. In this paper simulation results of the lowland river-lake system formed by the rivers Spree and Havel close to the Berlin/Potsdam region are discussed.