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- Konferenz-AbstractHow do the European Court of Human Rights rulings in environment-related cases affect the future of Environmental Informatics?(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Majchrowska, Agata; Majchrowski, RobertThe United Nations, in 2021, decided to appoint the right to live in a healthy environment as a Human Right. Consequently, the Council of Europe issued their updated instruction on Article 46 of the Convention in 2022. Furthermore, in April 2023, the President of the ECHR claimed the issues in the Tribunal, mainly related to implementation and the execution of judgements, from two different perspectives. Substantially, the importance of the existence of the Rule of Law, and more operationally - the necessity to deal with already clarified issues or these so evident that should not raise doubts or concerns. Next, the Council of Europe released a dedicated announcement to underline the occurrence of Human Rights related to the environment. In addition, the climate change combating-based claims are already taken into consideration by the Great Chamber of the Tribunal and go more profound than the regular Human rights-based case as the potential judgement actually may be regarded as being related to the possibility of claiming the range or/and speed of measures that are taken by the states to combat climate change. Hence, the final goal of this research is to deliver the summary of the existing potential of both Environmental Informatics and the concept of ESG reporting in order to provide predictions of the consequences of accepting the ECHR Great Chamber’s case on the fair and justified conditions for prioritizing climate actions and their costs. Hence, some prioritization matrices have been considered to be used by software architects and developers in achieving the desired aim of optimized balancing climate goals with business-related development goals. This ongoing research has been meant to provide a thorough study to uncover and highlight the general importance of Fundamental Rights and the ways of employing Environmental Informatics that may support this comprehensive set of Climate-Action- related efforts for the sake of humans and their health and safety. The observed instances have met the concept mentioned within the discussion about the Right to Safety as the Human Right (and, accordingly, avoiding harm and its following costs). The research has been meant and designed to answer the question of how to implement these elements into software and where there are potential red lines to be considered from the perspective of various stakeholders (including developers and regulators). A multidisciplinary character of the research has been consciously projected to go slightly beyond the typical findings. It has been founded on the initial research-native assumption that some requirements should be mandatory as if they may be qualified from the perspective of the equally important and sensitive dilemma of automated decision-making processes, that should and can support decision-makers in both unveiling the potential of aggregated data in optimizing decision-making process and accompanying proceedings. The additional point of the discussion remains the currently open question for the ongoing discussions of the sociologically accepted limits of users’ responsibility or irresponsibility that should be noted as the outcome of using the software. The hypothesis that is placed on the ground of the research is supposed to answer the questions posed hereof, presumably indicating Einstein’s approach about the role of responsibility as a primer and the regularities and irregularities of acts of the authorities based on the rule of law and justified exceptions that are capable of covering the cases when minority comes to be more imperative than globality. Consequently, it seeks the answer to how to deploy the soft obligation to impose the regular use of software-based solutions to make reasonable and justified exceptions only consciously. The sub- hypothesis is based on the assumption that Environmental Informatics meets the same kind of challenges, concerns and remarks as typically addressed in the generally regarded Artificial Intelligence area of concerns, especially in the field of ethics. The study - methodologically concerning binary logic notation and vector databases model - is supposed to answer whether Fundamental Rights are to be considered True or False and how the vector databases model may be a supportive cast to resolve the conflict between two different, even almost essential priorities. Finally, despite the general goal of foreseeing the scenarios that may speed up the specific change, the final results are meant to gain interim conclusions, whether Environmental Informatics may be considered the gatekeeper or a watchdog in order to respect and enforce Human Rights.
- KonferenzbeitragProof of concept: local precipitation-dependent rainwater management with smart water tanks(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Wybrands, Marius; Bohn, Finn OleThe effects of extreme weather events are increasingly having a negative impact on the water and wastewater infrastructure. Due to increasing land sealing in urban areas and more intense rain events, new concepts are needed to relieve the water and wastewater infrastructure. One possible approach is the usage of private rain storage as retention volume without negatively affecting the owner. Therefore, a smart approach is used to manage the rain storage in a situational way. This paper therefore presents a first prototype of a smart water tank, which was used to cover and test initial requirements. The goal was to develop an operational and portable hardware and software prototype early in the project.
- KonferenzbeitragTowards Data Spaces for circular economy and green business value networks(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Rilling, Lukas; Schneider, Alexander; Castelli, NicoCircular economy (CE) has been identified by several studies as the necessary reformation of the industry to decrease the environmental impact of production in the fight against climate change. Some studies have identified the lack of technological solutions to support the move towards a circular economy where among others the digital networking and data exchange is one of the most pressing and general problems which must be solved cross-industry and cross-country. This paper therefore identifies the most important requirements for a digital infrastructure to support CE and proposes a solution that combines all these factors by using Data Space concepts and technologies as the backbone for collaboratively collecting data in form of Digital Product Passports (DPP).
- KonferenzbeitragDigitalization of the Value Chain Pig Production - Discussion of Novel Approaches and Application of Self-Sovereign Identity(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Precht, Hauke; Theesen, Cedrik; Buermann, Paula; Reinkensmeier, Jan; Gómez, Jorge MarxLivestock management is adapting to consumer demands with the aid of Precision Livestock Farming and innovative technologies like blockchain and Self Sovereign Identity. In this paper, we raise the question if Self Sovereign Identity (SSI) can be leveraged for creating decentralized digital identities, particularly in pig production, by discussing three proposals towards SSI adoption in the value chain pig production. We discuss employing Sovrin’s thing controller approach followed by a proposal for pig representation through Verifiable Credential (VC) or dynamic Non-Fungible Token. Scalability (in terms of the number of wallets or number of VCs) and ownership transfer (along with underlying transaction costs) emerge as critical challenges, while general feasibility is given from a high-level perspective. However, based on the potential towards enhanced transparency and traceability, we argue to pursue further empirical research while highlighting a research direction towards the decision support for choosing a proper SSI framework.
- KonferenzbeitragProof of concept for a new battery sorting method based on deep learning image classification(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Blum, Fridolin; Wieczorek, Nils; Stelldinger, PeerBattery recycling requires efficient sorting based on chemical composition. Traditional methods like X-Ray or Electromagnetic Sensors lack automation, with X-Ray sorting 26 batteries and electromagnetic sorting only 6 batteries per second. We propose using deep learning image classification to detect battery manufacturer and product series. Our prototype includes a conveyor belt, webcam, ring light, and Nvidia Jetson AGX Orin. With a dataset of 9 battery series, we achieved over 99% validation accuracy using a pretrained MobileNetV2 model. The model can classify 50 images per second with limited hardware. This approach offers potential for automated sorting, significantly improving recycling throughput and efficiency. Further research should expand the dataset and explore applicability to other battery types, optimizing the model and hardware configuration.
- KonferenzbeitragPower Consumption of Common Symmetric Encryption Algorithms on Low-Cost Microchips(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Ohm, Marc; Taufenbach, Lars; Weber, Karsten; Pohl, TimoIn the Internet of Things (IoT), many devices are battery-operated, making them particularly susceptible to power-hungry applications. Symmetric encryption is a regularly performed task on such devices, as it ensures the confidentiality of the data they send. While previous work has compared the power consumption of common symmetric encryption algorithms on commodity hardware, no such evaluation exists for low-cost microchips, which are often used in IoT devices. In this paper, we compare the power consumption of an ESP8266 executing common symmetric encryption algorithms with varying parameters such as key size, data authentication, or payload size. We find that the power consumption depends on several factors, but that overall AES-GCM has the lowest power consumption when the encrypted data is also authenticated, while Blowfish-CTR has the lowest power consumption when no authentication is applied.
- KonferenzbeitragMeasuring Resource Efficiency of LATEX Paper Templates(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Pohl, Timo; Ohm, MarcScientific work is mostly communicated via scientific papers, which are often published in journals or conference proceedings, either in print or digital form. These journals and conferences usually demand that submitted papers follow a specific formatting style, for which they provide style templates. The choice of a template influences different properties of the generated document, like its file size or the number of pages that it would use in printed form, directly affecting its impact on the environment. We built a system to automatically compare different LATEX templates with regard to different factors relevant to the environmental impact. We test our approach with seven templates used by different conferences and journals, and find that the most efficient templates have roughly one third of the file size, and require about one half of the resources for paper production of the least efficient templates.
- KonferenzbeitragEnergy and resource comparison of current applications with a focus on statistical analyses and evaluations using the example of MATLAB and R(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Seegert, Tim; Bergmann, Malina; Brömme, Josephine; Junger, Dennis; Wohlgemuth, VolkerThis paper compares the energy and resource efficiency between MATLAB and R, two widely used programming languages in scientific computing and data analysis. A load driver and automation software, Power Automate, were utilized as a system under test to measure and evaluate the performance of both languages. Before the experiment, specific mathematical operations and execution methods were developed in MATLAB and R scripts. The measurement and evaluation were conducted using the Oscar framework. The results indicate that R outperforms MATLAB in baseline and statistical operations, while MATLAB excels in matrix calculations. These findings provide valuable insights for selecting the most suitable programming language based on specific computational requirements, optimizing energy consumption and resource utilization.
- KonferenzbeitragDevelopment of a smart farming dashboard based of 5G mobile Data(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Akyol, Ali; Chahin, Rami; Dillschneider, Eva-Marie; Gerloff, Lars; Grabenhorst, Isabel; Gómez, Jorge Marx; Patil, Akhil; Schattenberg, Jan; Sgraja, Marie; Walther, Sören; Weide, JulianThis work in progress paper is written as a short description mainly of the backend of project 5G, which is in the field of smart farming. The project focuses on using different technologies and machines for weed management. This work in progress paper highlights the need for efficient weed management. It discusses the problems which are associated with weed management and it raises questions that need to be addressed in this domain. Moreover, the topic of using weed management 5G, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) and field robotics in agricultural and farming services is an important topic at present. Besides, the work in progress paper shows possible technical concepts and processes which can be implemented into smart farming to increase its efficiency. This paper discusses special methods, which can be used in weed management by using AI (artificial intelligence). In addition to the project description, the paper includes an evaluation of the current state of the research and an outlook of potential future research.
- KonferenzbeitragProposing a Framework to address the Sustainable Development Goals(EnviroInfo 2023, 2023) Schult, Prince Garcia; Losse, Ann-Kathrin; Czarnecki, Christian; Sultanow, EldarReducing poverty, protecting the planet, and improving life on earth for everyone are the essential goals of the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development"committed by the United Nations (UN). Achieving those goals will require technological innovation as well as their implementation in almost all areas of our business and day-to-day life. This paper proposes a high-level framework that collects and structures different uses cases addressing the goals defined by the UN. Hence, it contributes to the discussion by proposing technical innovations that can be used to achieve those goals. As an example, the goal "Climate Actionïs discussed in detail by describing use cases related to tackling biodiversity loss in order to conservate ecosystems.
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